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数字时代劳动价值论失效说的三重表现及其批判

Three Layers of Invalidation Theory of Labor Value in the Digital Age and Its Criticism
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摘要 数字技术的发展与劳动模式的变化使得部分西方学者质疑马克思主义劳动价值论在数字时代的合理性,这些理论学说构成了数字时代劳动价值论失效说的新形式。以库兹韦尔为代表的一些未来学家主张在强人工智能对人类劳动代替的基础上,超人工智能可以彻底取消人类劳动的存在;传播政治经济学家福克斯认为数字资本主义下的数字劳动可以从平台用户的无酬劳动中攫取无限剩余价值;而自治主义马克思主义者奈格里则主张以量化为基础的劳动价值论面临着非物质劳动形态的量化失效。审视劳动价值失效说的新形式可以发现西方学者并没有准确理解马克思的生产性劳动与非生产性劳动、使用价值与交换价值等基本概念,但却指出了数字时代劳动形态的新特征与新议题,对于在数字时代发展劳动价值论具有启发意义。 The development of digital technology and the change of labor mode make some western scholars question the rationality of Marxist labor theory of value in the digital age.These theories constitute a new form of the invalidation of labor theory of value in the digital age.Some futurists represented by Ray Kurzweil argue that on the basis of strong artificial intelligence replacing human labor,super artificial intelligence can completely eliminate human labor;Christian Fuchs,an economist of communication politics,believes that digital labor under the control of digital capitalism can grab unlimited surplus value from the unpaid labor of platform users;Antonio Negri,an autonomous Marxist,advocates that the labor value theory based on quantification is facing the quantitative failure of non-material labor forms.Analyzing the new theory,we can find that western scholars fail to accurately understand Marx's basic concepts of productive labor and unproductive labor,use value and exchange value,but point out the new characteristics and new issues of labor form in the digital age,which is of enlightening significance to the development of labor value theory in the digital age.
作者 周光港 ZHOU Guang-gang(School of Marxism,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)
出处 《太原学院学报(社会科学版)》 2022年第5期11-19,共9页 Journal of Taiyuan University(Social Science Edition)
关键词 劳动价值论 数字劳动 非物质劳动 价值多元说 labor value theory digital labor immaterial labor value pluralism
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