摘要
为满足我国气象灾害风险管理业务体系建立和发展的需求,有效支撑防灾减灾决策服务,设计并建设了气象灾害风险管理系统。该系统包括大数据应用、模型算法、在线分析与产品制作、综合运维等分系统,面向暴雨、台风、干旱、高温、低温等主要气象灾害,覆盖气象灾害风险管理业务的主要环节,实现灾害监测识别、影响评估、风险评估、风险预估和风险区划等功能。系统探索应用时空匹配的大数据融合、Web-GIS、空间数据分布式存储、微服务和多租户等技术。目前,系统可实现实时发布灾情监测、灾害事件识别、影响评估、风险评估、风险预估、风险区划等多类业务产品。在国家级气象业务部门的应用显示,该系统具有良好的业务能力与发展前景,有助于推进客观化、定量化、精细化气象灾害风险管理业务发展,提升防灾减灾决策服务能力。
China is one of the countries with the most serious meteorological disasters in the world.Reducing disaster losses and mitigating disaster risks is important for improving social governance and enhancing people’s welfare,and it is also the fundamental goal of meteorological services.As a non-engineering measure for disaster prevention and mitigation,Meteorological Disaster Risk Management System(MDRMS)provides users with reference for decision making and is one of the most effective tools for mitigating meteorological disaster risks.In order to effectively reduce the risk of meteorological disasters and meet the urgent needs of service,China National Climate Center has designed and built MDRMS.MDRMS provides decision-makers and other stakeholders with professional services with four sub-systems:Big data application sub-system,model algorithm sub-system,online analysis subsystem,and comprehensive operation sub-system.From the view of application and function,MDRMS realizes the functions of disaster monitoring and identification,disaster impact assessment,risk assessment,risk prediction,risk zoning,and disaster information services for major meteorological disasters such as rainstorm,typhoon,drought,high temperature and low temperature.A series of products are also established.From the view of design and construction,the key technologies adopted are generic and the operation is intuitive and friendly.The system is built with key technologies such as big data fusion based on spatialtemporal matching,Web-GIS,distributed spatial data storage,micro service,and multi-tenant.The application of new technologies significantly improves the access efficiency and application capability of the system to multi-source,heterogeneous and massive data related to meteorology disaster risk management and enhances the user experience.From the view of deployment and openness,MDRMS has better integration,openness and scalability.It is deployed in China Meteorological Administration,ensuring access,personalized configuration,and servic
作者
李莹
王国复
Li Ying;Wang Guofu(National Climate Center,Beijing 100081)
出处
《应用气象学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期628-640,共13页
Journal of Applied Meteorological Science
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1510202)。
关键词
气象灾害
风险管理
信息化
关键技术
应用
meteorological disaster
risk management
informatization
key technologies
implementation
