摘要
利用蚯蚓粪和腐熟菌渣为替代草炭的主要原料,以商品基质为对照,筛选圣女果、辣椒及豇豆育苗基质配方,在最佳基质配方基础上对其进行理化性质及磷养分优化并验证育苗效果后,最终形成圣女果、辣椒及豇豆育苗基质最终配方。研究结果表明:(1)基质配方S5(S0∶YF=40∶60,V/V)对圣女果、辣椒及豇豆的育苗效果最好,圣女果幼苗和豇豆幼苗生长指标达到商品基质育苗水平,辣椒幼苗生长指标不如商品基质。(2)基质优化配方S6(菌渣∶草炭∶珍珠岩∶蚓粪=35∶35∶20∶10(V/V))所育圣女果幼苗和豇豆幼苗达到商品基质育苗水平,辣椒幼苗生长指标优于商品基质,壮苗指数较商品基质提高了43.9%。(3)基质配方S6添加过磷酸钙2 g/L所育圣女果生长指标最好,壮苗指数较商品基质提高了26.0%;基质配方S6添加过磷酸钙对辣椒幼苗指标的促进作用不明显;基质配方S6添加过磷酸钙3g/L所育豇豆幼苗生长指标最好。因此,圣女果、辣椒和豇豆育苗基质配方分别为“菌渣∶草炭∶珍珠岩∶蚯蚓粪=35∶35∶20∶10(V/V)+2 g/L过磷酸钙”“菌渣∶草炭∶珍珠岩∶蚯蚓粪=35∶35∶20∶10(V/V)”和“菌渣∶草炭∶珍珠岩∶蚯蚓粪=35∶35∶20∶10(V/V)+3 g/L过磷酸钙”。
In this study, vermicompost mushroom residue after fermentation were used as the main raw materials to replace peat, and the commercial matrix was used as the control to screen the seedling substrate formulas for cherry tomatoes, pepper and cowpea. After optimizing its physical and chemical properties and phosphorus nutrients on the basis of the best substrate formula and testing the seedling effects, the final seedling substrates formulas for cherry tomatoes, pepper and cowpea were finally formed. The results showed that:(1) The substrate formula S5(S0:YF = 40:60, V/V) had the best seedling effect on cherry tomatoes, pepper and cowpea. The growth indexes of cherry tomatoes seedlings and cowpea seedlings reached the level of commercial substrate, but the growth indexes of pepper seedlings was not so good as commercial substrate.(2) The seedlings of cherry tomatoes and cowpea raised by S6 [mushroom residue:peat:perlite:vermicompost= 35:35:20:10(V/V)] reached the level of commercial substrate, the growth indexes of pepper seedlings were better than that of commercial substrate, and the sound seedling index was 43.9% higher than that of commercial substrate.(3) The growth indexes of cherry tomatoes seedlings raised by adding 2 g·Lcalcium superphosphate in substrate formula S6 were the best, and the sound seedling index was 26.0% higher than that of commercial substrate;The addition of calcium superphosphate in substrate formula S6 had not significantly promotion effect on the growth indexes of pepper seedlings;The growth indexes of cowpea seedlings raised by adding 3 g·Lcalcium superphosphate in substrate formula S6 was the best. Therefore, the substrate formulas for seedling of cherry tomatoes, pepper and cowpea were “mushroom residue:peat:perlite:vermicompost = 35:35:20:10(V/V)+2 g·Lcalcium superphosphate”, “mushroom residue:peat:perlite:vermicompost=35:35:20:10(V/V)” and “mushroom residue:peat: perlite:vermicompost =35:35:20:10(V/V)+3 g·Lcalcium superphosphate” respectively.
作者
张珂
王朝弼
王熊飞
祁君凤
刘存法
李光义
ZHANG Ke;WANG Chaobi;WANG Xiongfei;QI Junfeng;LIU Cunfa;LI Guangyi(Hainan Soil and Fertilizer Station,Haikou,Hainan 571100,China;Environment and Plant Protection Institute,CATAS,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China)
出处
《热带农业科学》
2022年第7期22-28,共7页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture
基金
不同作物应用蚯蚓粪效果试验(基质配方)项目。
关键词
蚯蚓粪
复合基质
商品基质
圣女果
辣椒
豇豆
vermicompost
compound substrates
commercial substrate
cherry tomatoes
pepper
cowpea
