摘要
为了探明增效复合肥减氮施用对小麦-玉米产量和养分效率的影响,2017–2020年度在安徽省涡阳县布置不同增效复合肥及其减氮施用的田间试验。试验共设置9个处理,分别为不施肥(CK)、常规复合肥(CF)、腐殖酸复合肥(HF)、氨基酸复合肥(AF)、海藻酸复合肥(SF)、常规复合肥减氮20%(CR)、腐殖酸复合肥减氮20%(HR)、氨基酸复合肥减氮20%(AR)和海藻酸复合肥减氮20%(SR)。结果表明:不减氮处理小麦和玉米3年的平均产量高低顺序分别为AF>SF>HF>CF、SF>HF>AF>CF;减氮处理小麦和玉米3年的平均产量分别为AR>SR>HR>CR、HR>SR>AR>CR;周年平均产量SF>AF>HF>AR>SR>HR>CF>CR,增效复合肥减氮处理较增效复合肥不减氮处理周年产量下降6.37%,较CF处理周年产量增加3.51%,较CR处理周年产量增加10.40%。施用增效复合肥的处理小麦穗粒数较CF处理平均增加19.30%,施用增效复合肥的处理玉米穗粒数较CF处理平均增加5.80%,增效复合肥减氮处理较增效复合肥不减氮处理小麦、玉米穗粒数分别下降3.40%和2.60%。养分效率是衡量小麦、玉米吸收利用肥料效果的重要指标,小麦季增效复合肥不减氮的处理氮、磷和钾肥利用率较CF处理平均提高了10.32%,增效复合肥减氮处理与CR处理相比,氮、磷和钾肥吸收利用率平均提高了7.94%,增效复合肥处理小麦季平均肥料农学效率、偏生产力较CF处理分别提高了3.19和3.17 kg^(-1)·kg^(-1),减氮20%后,施用3种增效复合肥的处理肥料农学效率、偏生产力较CR处理分别提高3.10和3.15 kg^(-1)·kg^(-1);玉米季增效复合肥不减氮的处理氮、磷和钾肥吸收利用率较CF处理平均提高了7.35%,增效复合肥处理玉米季肥料的农学效率、偏生产力较CF处理分别提高了0.97和0.66 kg^(-1)·kg^(-1),减氮20%后,施用3种增效复合肥的处理较CR处理氮、磷和钾肥吸收利用率分别提高了4.87%、4.71%和9.03%。综上,试验条件下增效复合肥�
In order to provide a basis for rational application of synergistic compound fertilizer,the effects of nitrogen reduction application of synergistic compound fertilizer on wheat and maize yield and nutrient efficiency were explored through a field experiment of different synergistic compound fertilizers and nitrogen reduction application in Guoyang county,Anhui Province from 2017 to 2020.There were nine treatments in the experiment:No fertilizer (CK),conventional compound fertilizer (CF),humic acid compound fertilizer (HF),amino acid compound fertilizer (AF),alginate compound fertilizer (SF),conventional compound fertilizer 20%N reduction (CR),humic acid compound fertilizer 20%N reduction (HR),amino acid compound fertilizer 20%N reduction (AR) and alginate compound fertilizer 20%N reduction (SR).The results showed that the order of average yield of wheat and maize without N reduction was AF>SF>HF>CF,SF>HF>AF>CF,respectively.The average yield of wheat and maize treated with N reduction was AR>SR>HR>CR and HR>SR>AR>CR,respectively.The order of annual average yield was SF>AF>HF>AR>SR>HR>CF>CR.The annual yield with nitrogen-reducing compound fertilizer treatment was 6.37%lower than that of non-nitrogen-reducing treatment,and the annual yield increased by 3.51%compared with CF treatment and 10.40%with CR treatment,respectively.The grain number per ear of wheat in the treatment of synergic compound fertilizer increased 19.30%on average compared with that of CF,and the grain number per ear of corn in the treatment of synergic compound fertilizer increased 5.80%on average compared with that of CF.The grain number per ear of wheat and maize in the treatment of nitrogen-reducing compound fertilizer decreased 3.40%and 2.60%,respectively,compared with that in the treatment of nitrogen-reducing compound fertilizer.Nutrient efficiency is an important index to measure the effect of fertilizer absorption and utilization of wheat and maize.The utilization rates of N,P and K in the treatment of wheat season synergistic compound fe
作者
张富源
叶赟
王丽
朱荣
刘子君
穆静
齐永波
章力干
ZHANG Fuyuan;YE Yun;WANG Li;ZHU Rong;LIU Zijun;MU Jing;QI Yongbo;ZHANG Ligan(Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention,School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036)
出处
《安徽农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
2022年第3期388-394,共7页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200402,2018YFD0800301)资助。
关键词
冬小麦
夏玉米
增效复合肥
减氮施肥
产量
养分利用率
winter wheat
summer maize
synergistic compound fertilizer
nitrogen reduction fertilization
production
nutrient availability
