摘要
随着全球老龄化进程加剧,老年人口剧增,伴随着工作和生活方式的改变,导致体育锻炼减少与生活作息不规律等问题愈发严重。这样的结果显著增加了骨骼肌萎缩的发病率,降低了老年和慢性疾病人群机体健康,影响其生活质量。与此同时,饮食不均衡和运动量降低以及激素水平波动等进一步加剧骨骼肌萎缩的发生,其病理机制主要为慢性炎症加重、线粒体功能障碍、自噬功能状态低下、细胞凋亡增加、肌卫星细胞功能受损以及昼夜节律紊乱等。其中,随着昼夜节律相关研究的深入,骨骼肌作为机体最大的外周生物钟,可通过调控昼夜节律核心基因BMAL 1以及CLOCK基因,对骨骼肌纤维结构、线粒体功能、肌肉质量等产生影响。运动锻炼作为改善骨骼肌质量的重要干预策略,还可激活昼夜节律信号通路,调控其相位,进而改善肌肉再生、提高肌肉力量,发挥延缓肌萎缩作用。为此,本文从昼夜节律的角度去阐述其与肌萎缩发生以及潜在运动干预的分子机制,以期为肌萎缩的预防、治疗及康复提供新的靶向思路。
As people age,the population of the elderly increases rapidly.With the change of work and lifestyle,the problems such as reduced physical activity and irregular routine become more serious,which results in the significantly increased incidence of skeletal muscle atrophy,and reduced health status and life quality of elderly.At the same time,the imbalance of diets,the decrease of physical activity,and the fluctuation of hormone levels further aggravate the occurrence of skeletal muscle atrophy,and its pathological mechanisms mainly correlated with chronic inflammation,mitochondrial dysfunction,deficient autophagy,increased apoptosis,impaired muscle satellite cell function,and disrupted circadian rhythm.Skeletal muscles,as the largest peripheral biological clock of the body,can affect the fiber structure,mitochondrial function,and muscle mass of skeletal muscles by regulating the circadian core genes BMAL 1 and CLOCK.As an important intervention strategy to improve skeletal muscle masses,exercise can also activate the circadian signal pathway and regulate its phase,thus improving muscle regeneration and muscle strengths and delaying muscle atrophy.Therefore,from the perspective of circadian rhythm,this article summarizes the occurrence of muscular atrophy and the molecular mechanism of potential exercise intervention to provide new ideas for the targeted regulation of the prevention,treatment,and rehabilitation of muscular atrophy.
作者
黄杰轮
梁计陵
陈宁
HUANG Jie-Lun;LIANG Ji-Ling;CHEN Ning(Graduate School,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China;Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods,Hubei Key Laboratory of Sport Training and Monitoring,College of Health Science,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan 430079,China)
出处
《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期1015-1022,共8页
Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.32071176)
湖北省体育教育与健康促进学科群项目
湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队项目(No.T201624)资助
关键词
肌萎缩
昼夜节律
运动
脑和肌ARNT样蛋白1
时钟基因
muscular atrophy
circadian rhythm
exercise
brain and muscle ARNT-like-1(BMAL1)
clock circadian regulator(CLOCK)
