摘要
为明确紫云英翻压还田模式对稻田甲烷(CH_(4))排放的影响,同时通过延长烤田时间的优化水分管理措施减少该模式下CH_(4)的排放,开展了连续5 a的田间定位试验(2016—2020年),设置4种处理:不施化肥+传统水分管理(分蘖末期排水烤田7 d,CK)、常规单施化肥+传统水分管理(CF)、紫云英翻压+氮肥减施+传统水分管理(MF)、紫云英翻压+氮肥减施+优化水分管理(在传统基础上提前并增加5 d烤田时间,MFW)。结果显示:5 a间MF处理下水稻生长期CH_(4)排放量为542~658 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1),年均排放量相较CK和CF处理分别增加了156%~231%和133%~196%。与MF处理相比,MFW处理使2016、2017年和2019年的第一个CH_(4)排放高峰期(分蘖期)提前衰减,增加了2018年和2020年CH_(4)排放的衰减速率,年排放量显著下降了16.2%~28.5%(P<0.05)。与CF处理相比,MF处理下2018、2019、2020年的年产量分别显著增加了6.85%、10.25%和9.79%(P<0.05),并且MF处理明显降低了产量变异系数并提高了产量可持续性指数。MF和MFW处理下水稻产量没有显著差异。研究表明,紫云英翻压还田具有增产稳产的积极作用,但同时增加了CH_(4)的排放,而优化后的水分管理措施在保障水稻产量的基础上能够有效减少紫云英翻压稻田CH_(4)的排放。
To clarify the effects of the Chinese milk vetch(Astragalus sinicus L.,CMV)returning model on methane(CH_(4))emissions from paddy fields and to optimize water management by increasing the drainage period to reduce CH_(4) emissions,a five-year in-situ field experiment was carried out from 2016 to 2020.Four treatments were designed,including non-fertilization+traditional water management(draining and drying the field at the late tillering stage for seven days,CK),conventional chemical fertilizer+traditional water management(CF),CMV+reduced nitrogen fertilizer+traditional water management(MF),and CMV+reduced nitrogen fertilizer+optimized water management(advancing and increasing five days on the basis of traditional water management,MFW).The results showed that the CH_(4) emissions under MF treatment ranged from 542 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1) to 658 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1) during the rice-growing season in the five years,and the average emissions increased by 156%~231% and 133%~196% compared with those under CK and CF treatments,respectively.Compared to those under the MF treatment,the first peak of CH_(4) emission(tillering stage)decayed earlier(2016,2017,and 2019)or faster(2018 and 2020),and the annual emission significantly decreased by 16.2%~28.5%(P<0.05).Compared to those under the CF treatment,the yield from 2018 to 2020 significantly increased by 6.85%,10.25%,and 9.79% under the MF treatment(P<0.05).The variation coefficient of yield under the MF treatment decreased,and the sustainability index increased.There was no significant difference between the yields of the MF and MFW treatments.The above results indicated that CMV return had positive effect on increasing and stabilizing rice yield,but it also increased CH_(4) emissions.Optimized water management could effectively decrease CH_(4) emissions caused by the return of CMV and simultaneously maintain the yield.
作者
王赢
林余涛
杨文斌
王家嘉
左双宝
宋朝辉
周楠楠
WANG Ying;LIN Yutao;YANG Wenbin;WANG Jiajia;ZUO Shuangbao;SONG Zhaohui;ZHOU Nannan(Center of Cooperative Innovation for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt,School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241003,China;Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrient Recycling,Resources and Environment,Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei 230001,China;Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials,School of Chemistry and Materials Science,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241003,China;Jushi Institute of Composite Materials,Jushi Group Co.,Ltd.,Tongxiang 314500,China)
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期1836-1845,共10页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300906)
安徽省自然科学基金项目(1708085QD88,2008085QD162)
安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2018A0316,KJ2019A0492)
安徽高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2020-075)
分子基材料安徽省重点实验室开放基金项目(fzj19012)
养分循环与资源环境安徽省重点实验室开放基金项目
安徽师范大学校立项目(2018XJJ55,2018XJJ56,2018XJJ81,2018XJJ94)
安徽省留学人员创新项目择优资助计划项目。
关键词
紫云英
水稻
甲烷排放
水分管理
Chinese milk vetch
paddy rice
methane emissions
water management
