摘要
为探讨翻压绿肥对黑龙江烤烟品质改善及经济价值提升的作用,研究套种4种绿肥并翻压后对烤烟产质量的影响。在烤烟采收后将绿肥就地翻压腐解,并于第2年测定种植烤烟后烤烟理化指标及内在和外在质量品质的改善情况。结果表明:7月末套种绿肥对烤烟当年主要经济性状和化学成分影响较小,但翻压后能改善烟叶化学成分协调性,其中烟碱降低10.55%,总氮降低33.54%,氮碱比降低25.93%,总糖增加8.59%,还原糖变化不明显,糖碱比增加21.41%,钾增加12.50%,氯降低12.00%;可提高烟叶外观质量,烤后叶片成熟度好、结构疏松、有油分、身份中等;烤烟单叶重提高15.46%,叶片厚度降低17.86%,含梗率降低5.93%;烤烟香气质、香气量和余味增加,杂气降低,感官评吸得到改善;致香成分中类胡萝卜素物质降解提高12.95%,芳香族氨基酸物质降解提高20.76%,西伯烷类物质降解提高9.59%,美拉德反应变化不明显;上等烟比例提高35.59%,每公顷产量提高5.65%,每公顷产值提高14.61%,烤烟经济形状得到提升。以烤烟套种草木樨或小麦的效果最好。
To explore the improvement effect of turn-over green manure on the quality and economic value of flue-cured tobacco in Heilongjiang,this paper selected four types of green manure to turn down to study the effects.The green manure was decomposed on the spot after the harvest of flue-cured tobacco,and the physical and chemical indexes,the internal and external quality improvement of flue-cured tobacco were measured in the second year.The results showed that,at the end of July,interplanting green manure had little effect on the main economic characters and chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco,but the turn-over green manure could improve the chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco,among which the nicotine was decreased by 10.55%,the total nitrogen was decreased by 33.54%,the ratio of total nitrogen to nicotine was decreased by25.93%,the total sugar was increased by 8.59%,the change of reducing sugar was not obvious,the ratio of total sugar to nicotine was increased by 21.41%,the content of potassium ions and chloride ions were increased by 12.50%and 12.00%respectively.Under the turn-over green manure,the leaf of flue-cured tobacco had good maturity,loose structure,high oil content and medium status.The weight of single leaf was increased by 15.46%,the leaf thickness was decreased by 17.86%and the ratio of tobacco stem to leaf was decreased by5.93%.The species,content and aftertaste of the aroma were improved when the flue-cured tobacco was burned.The turn-over green manure could improve the chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco,the decomposition and transformation degree of carotenoids was increased by 12.95%,the conversion of aromatic amino acids was increased by 20.76%,the decomposition and transformation of Xibo-Alkanes was increased by 9.59%,the change of nonenzymatic browning was not obvious.The turn-over green manure could increase the production and economic value of flue-cured tobacco,among which the proportion of prime tobacco was increased by 35.59%,the production per hectare was increased by
作者
王昊
贺国强
王树声
吴志娟
姚远
金康
Wang Hao;He Guoqiang;Wang Shusheng;Wu Zhijuan;Yao Yuan;Jin Kang(Harbin Tobacco Company of Heilongjiang Tobacco Company,Harbin 150001;Institute of Tobacco Research of CAAS/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao Shandong 266101;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;Mudanjiang Tobacco Science Research Institute,Harbin 150076;Zhaodong Tobacco Branch of Harbin Tobacco Company,Zhaodong Heilongjiang 151100;Hua Huan International Tobacco Co.,Ltd,Chuzhou Anhui 233121)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2020年第17期42-50,共9页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
中国烟草总公司黑龙江省公司科技项目资助“提高龙江重点烟区烟叶工业可用性关键技术研究与开发”(HN201603,20182300002700081)
关键词
绿肥
烤烟
品质
经济价值
green manure
flue-cured tobacco
quality
economic value
