摘要
汞(Hg)是一种高毒性的重金属污染物,也被世界卫生组织列为优先控制污染物。甲基汞(MeHg)是毒性最强的Hg化合物,具有高神经毒性、致癌性、生殖毒性和免疫系统毒性。大量含Hg废物随固体废物进入垃圾填埋场并随着固体废物降解进行演化,使垃圾填埋场成为Hg的重要污染源,对Hg和MeHg在填埋场的环境行为研究对于垃圾填埋场Hg污染防治至关重要。目前,Hg和MeHg在水稻土及湿地等环境介质中的转化途径和机制、环境归趋及其相关影响因素等方面是全球研究热点,但其在垃圾填埋场中鲜有研究,而垃圾填埋场具有理想的Hg生物甲基化条件(厌氧环境、多样性的Hg甲基化微生物及富含有机物等)。总结了垃圾填埋场中Hg的转化途径和机制,以及MeHg在填埋场的研究现状,讨论了厌氧环境下Hg生物甲基化的微生物群落结构和功能(Hg的甲基化基因hgcAB),前瞻了填埋场Hg生物甲基化的潜力,最后对填埋场中Hg和MeHg的环境行为研究提出了建议。
Mercury(Hg)is a highly toxic metal pollutant,which is also listed as a priority pollutant for control by the world health organization(WHO).Methylmercury(MeHg)is the most toxic Hg speciation with high neurotoxicity,carcinogenicity,reproductive and immune system toxicity.A large amount of waste containing Hg entered the landfills along with the municipal solid waste(MSW),and evolved with the degradation of MSW,making the landfills to be an important source of Hg pollution.Therefore,the study on the environment behavior of Hg and MeHg in Landfills is critical to prevent Hg pollution in landfill.At present,the focus of global research is the conversion pathways and mechanism,environmental fate and the association influencing factors of Hg and MeHg in paddy soil and wetland,but the few studies in the landfill.And the landfills harbor ideal conditions for Hg biomethylation,such as anaerobic environment,diverse Hg methylation microorganisms and high content of organic matter,etc.The transformation path,mechanism of Hg in landfill and the research status of MeHg in landfill was summarized.The microbial community structure and function of Hg biomethylation in anaerobic environment(hgcAB of Hg)were discussed,and the potential of Hg biomethylation in landfill was predicted.Finally,some suggestions on the study of environmental behavior of Hg and MeHg in landfills were put forward.
作者
安俞炜
张睿
杨舒
王洋清
赵由才
宋立岩
AN Yuwei;ZHANG Rui;YANG Shu;WANG Yangqing;ZHAO Youcai;SONG Liyan(Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074;Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714;Chongqing School,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing 400714;Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei Anhui 230601)
出处
《环境卫生工程》
2022年第4期21-29,共9页
Environmental Sanitation Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52000016、51578642)
重庆市自然科学基金博士后项目(cstc2020jcyj-bshx0093)。
关键词
汞
甲基汞
垃圾填埋场
生物甲基化
mercury
MeHg
waste landfills
microbial methylation
