摘要
目的 了解北京市石景山区噪声危害现状,为职业性噪声聋的防治提供科学依据。方法 收集2021年北京市石景山区职业性噪声聋监测资料,包括噪声危害企业基本情况、噪声危害接触人群职业健康检查情况、职业病报告情况等,运用SPSS 19.0统计软件进行分析。结果 2021年共监测噪声危害企业37家,以大中型、国有、采矿业、制造业及为主,共收集噪声接触人群职业健康检查个案资料1 121人,岗前体检职业禁忌证检出率为5.00%,在岗期间及离岗职业健康检查共1 081人,职业禁忌证检出率为0.28%,双耳高频听力损失检出率为6.75%,未发现疑似职业病。听力损失检出率分布中,采矿业和制造业检出率高于其他行业(P<0.01),国有企业检出率高于私有企业(P<0.05),大型企业检出率高于中小微企业(P<0.01),45~54岁年龄组检出率高于其他年龄组(P<0.01),15年及以上各工龄组检出率均高于9年及以下工龄组(P<0.01),同时随着年龄和工龄的增加,检出率都有增高趋势(P<0.01),性别分类检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2017-2021年职业性噪声聋和疑似职业性噪声聋病例共2例,均为男性,所在企业为大中型,行业为电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业及制造业,接尘工龄均大于10年。结论 北京市石景山区噪声接触企业以大中型国有企业为主,行业主要分布在采矿业、制造业及电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业,职业人群主要以45~54岁年龄、15年及以上工龄者为主。
Objective To understand the status of noise hazards in Shijingshan district of Beijing city, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of occupational noise deafness. Methods The monitoring data of occupational noise deafness in Shijingshan district of Beijing city in 2021 were collected, including the basic situation of noise hazard enterprises, occupational health examination of noise hazard exposed people, occupational disease reports, and analyzed by SPSS 19.0 statistical software. Results In 2021,a total of 37 enterprises were monitored for noise hazards, mainly in large and medium-sized enterprises, state-owned enterprises, mining industries and manufacturing industries.A total of 1 121 cases of occupational health examination of noise-exposed people were collected, the detection rate of occupational contraindication was 5.00% in pre-job physical examination.A total of 1 081 people underwent on-the-job and off-the-job occupational health examinations, and the detection rate of occupational contraindication was 0.28%,and the detection rate of binaural high-frequency hearing loss was 6.75%.No suspected occupational diseases were found.In the distribution of hearing loss detection rate, the detection rate of mining and manufacturing industries was higher than other industries(P<0.01),it of state-owned enterprises was higher than that of private enterprises(P<0.05),it of large enterprises was higher than that of small and medium-sized enterprises(P<0.01),it of 45-54 age group was higher than that of other age groups(P<0.01),and it of all working age groups with 15 years and above was higher than 9 years(P<0.01).At the same time, with the increase in age and service, the detection rate tended to increase(P<0.01),and there was no significant difference in the detection rate between genders(P>0.05).A total of 2 cases of occupational noise hearing loss and suspected occupational noise hearing loss from 2017 to 2021 were were found, both of them were male, and they worked in large and medium
作者
云水英
郭媛媛
王明良
YUN Shui-ying;GUO Yuan-yuan;WANG Ming-liang(Shijingshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100043,China;不详)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2022年第7期548-551,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
职业性噪声聋
职业病
听力损失
噪声
监测
Occupational noise deafness
Occupational diseases
Hearing loss
Noise
Monitoring
