摘要
有机磷酸酯(organophosphate esters,OPEs)是塑胶材料中广泛添加的一类人工化学品,主要用作阻燃剂和增塑剂.OPEs可在材料使用过程中不断向环境释放,最终暴露于人体并产生潜在健康风险.然而,目前针对塑胶运动场中OPEs的人群暴露和健康风险评估研究仍未见报道.本研究在北京市10个室内和19个室外塑胶运动场中采集了97个灰尘样本,分析了其中14种OPEs的残留浓度;利用风险评估法估算了OPEs暴露的健康风险.结果表明,运动场灰尘中Σ_(14)OPEs浓度呈现室内高于室外、夏季高于冬季的污染特征.室内、室外运动场中,Σ_(14)OPEs浓度范围分别为12900~47200和283~38800 ng/g.磷酸三辛酯(TEHP)是室内运动场中最主要的单体,磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯(TCEP)和磷酸三(1-氯-2-丙基)酯(TCPP)是室外运动场中是最主要的单体.青年人群以皮肤吸收为OPEs的主要摄入途径,在高暴露情景下,其室内每日估算摄入量(estimated daily intakes,EDI)约为室外的3.0倍;儿童则以消化道吸收为主要摄入途径,在高暴露情景下,室内OPEs的暴露量是室外的3.1倍.然而,风险评估结果显示,OPEs在不同人群中的EDI值均低于推荐参考剂量(reference dose,RfD),表明北京室内、室外运动场中因OPEs暴露所致的健康风险处于较低水平.
Organophosphate flame retardants(OPEs)are a kind of artificial chemicals widely added to plastic materials,and are mainly used as flame retardant and plasticizer used in a variety of consumer products,such as plastics,electronic products,foams,building materials,and textiles.Generally,the plastic tracks and artificial lawns in plastic sports courts are made in part from synthetic rubber which contain OPEs.Given that OPEs are incorporated into materials through physical addition rather than chemical bonding,thus OPEs can be easily released into the environment through volatilization,abrasion,and leaching,which then posed continuously exposure to human being and might lead to potential health risks.As such,it is urgently needed to understand the pollution characteristics,sources and health risk of human exposure to OPEs in plastic sports courts.Unfortunately,to date,no report is available on the exposure profiles and human exposure assessment of OPEs in plastic sports courts.In the present study,the residue concentrations of 14 OPEs were investigated in 97 dust samples from indoor and outdoor plastic playgrounds in Beijing,China,using high performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS).Distribution profiles of OPEs in different types of plastic sports courts(plastic track,plastic basketball court,plastic tennis court,artificial turf,and plastic badminton court)were also explored.Furthermore,the health risk of OPEs is estimated using the risk assessment method recommended by Environmental Protection Agency.The main objective of this study was to determine the occurrence and distribution patterns of OPEs in dust from plastic sports courts,to investigate the important factors involved in the distribution profiles of OPEs,and to provide a comparative analysis of human exposure to OPEs among different population groups.The results show that the Σ_(14)OPEs in indoor dust are higher than that in outdoors,moreover,the Σ_(14)OPEs in summer are higher than that in winter.The Σ_(14)OPEs ranged from 1
作者
白露
吕鲲
史亚利
黎娟
王亚韡
江桂斌
Lu Bai;Kun Lü;Yali Shi;Juan Li;Yawei Wang;Guibin Jiang(Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hangzhou 310024,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《科学通报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第22期2594-2604,共11页
Chinese Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金(21625702,22021003,22136006)资助。
关键词
有机磷酸酯
塑胶运动场
灰尘
外暴露
暴露风险
organophosphate esters
plastic sports courts
dust
external exposure
exposure risk
