摘要
探究保水剂和脲酶抑制剂在贵州高山冷凉蔬菜甘蓝上的应用效果,为保水剂和脲酶抑制剂在贵州高海拔地区及其相似地区的应用提供理论和实践基础。于2021年在贵州省毕节市威宁县,采用田间试验,以保水剂和脲酶抑制剂为研究试材,研究增施保水剂(FB)和脲酶抑制剂(FN)及两者同时施用(FBN)对高山冷凉蔬菜甘蓝产量、养分吸收、肥料利用率、品质以及经济效益的影响。结果表明:与HF处理相比,FB、FN和FBN处理均可显著增加甘蓝产量,增幅为8.13%~15.58%,产值增加6924~13275元/hm^(2),增幅为8.13%~15.58%,FB和FN处理产量差异不显著;FB、FN和FBN处理纯收益分别增加5724、6142和12025元/hm^(2),增幅分别为6.99%、7.50%和14.69%。FB、FN和FBN处理均能提高甘蓝氮磷钾累积量,以FBN为最大,分别达到181.34、44.12和200.93 kg/hm^(2),其中FB和FN处理差异不显著。甘蓝硝酸盐含量显著降低,可溶性糖、Vc、游离氨基酸和蛋白质含量均表现为FBN>FB>FN>HF>NF(不施肥)。单独配施保水剂(FB)或脲酶抑制剂(FN)和同时配施保水剂及脲酶抑制剂(FBN)显著提高甘蓝氮磷钾的农学效率和吸收利用效率,均以FBN处理最高,分别达到195.61 kg/kg、293.42 kg/kg、195.61 kg/kg和41.32%、16.17%、46.78%,FB和FN处理差异不显著。综上,在常规化肥的基础上,同时配施保水剂和脲酶抑制剂的甘蓝生长效果优于单独配施保水剂或脲酶抑制剂,产生显著的协同效应,促进甘蓝生长,研究结果能为贵州高山冷凉蔬菜产业中土壤添加剂的应用提供理论和实践基础。
In order to explore the application effect of water retaining agent and urease inhibitor on Guizhou alpine cold vegetable cabbage,so as to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the application of water retaining agent and urease inhibitor in Guizhou high-altitude areas and similar areas,in 2021,a field experiment was conducted in Weining County,Bijie City,Guizhou Province to study the effects of increased application of water retaining agent(FB)and urease inhibitor(FN)and their simultaneous application(FBN)on the yield,nutrient absorption,fertilizer utilization,quality and economic benefits of alpine cold vegetable cabbage.The results showed that:Compared with the conventional chemical fertilizer(HF)treatment,the application of water retaining agent(FB)or urease inhibitor(FN)alone and the application of water retaining agent and urease inhibitor(FBN)at the same time could significantly increase the yield of cabbage,with an increase of 8.13%~15.58%,and the output value increased by 6924~13275 yuan/hm^(2),with an increase of 8.13%~15.58%,there was no significant difference in the yield between FB and FN treatments.The net income of FB,FN and FBN treatment increased by 5724 yuan/hm^(2),6142 yuan/hm^(2)and 12025 yuan/hm^(2)by 6.99%,7.50%and 14.69%respectively.The accumulation of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P2O5)and potassium(K2O)in cabbage could be increased by applying water retaining agent(FB)or urease inhibitor(FN)alone and simultaneously,and FBN was the largest,reaching 181.34,44.12 and 200.93 kg/hm^(2)respectively,and there was no significant difference between FB and FN treatment.The nitrate content of cabbage decreased significantly,and the contents of soluble sugar,VC,free amino acids and protein were FBN>FB>FN>HF>NF(no fertilization).The agronomic efficiency and absorption and utilization efficiency of N,P2O5 and K2O in cabbage were significantly improved by applying water retaining agent(FB)or urease inhibitor(FN)alone and simultaneously.That of the FBN treatment was the highest,reaching 195.61 kg/kg,292
作者
魏全全
芶久兰
张萌
陈龙
顾小凤
WEI Quan-quan;GOU Jiu-lan;ZHANG Meng;CHEN Long;GU Xiao-feng(Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guizhou Observation Experimental Station of Farmland Preservation and Agricultural Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Agriculture,Guiyang 550006,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2022年第8期114-120,共7页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
贵州省科技计划项目“威宁‘三白’绿色高效养分管理关键技术研究与示范”(黔科合支撑[2020]1Y091号)。
关键词
高山冷凉蔬菜
甘蓝
保水剂
脲酶抑制剂
生长
品质
产量
经济效益
养分
alpine vegetable
cabbage
water retention agent
urease inhibitor
growth
quality
yield
economic benefits
nutrient
