摘要
目的了解语言发育迟缓儿童的全面发育水平和家庭影响因素,为进一步干预训练提供线索。方法采用格塞尔发育量表(Gesell developmental schedule)对432例语言发育迟缓儿童进行智能发育水平评估,了解其粗动作与精细动作、适应性行为、语言和个人-社交行为的发育情况,分别以动作能、应物能、语言能和应人能的发育商(developmental quotient,DQ)表示,分析语言能与应物能和应人能的相关性及影响儿童语言发育的家庭因素。结果432例语言发育迟缓儿童的粗动作能的平均DQ正常;精细动作能、应物能、语言能和应人能的平均DQ均低于正常儿童,语言能DQ最低。语言能DQ与应物能DQ和应人能DQ均呈显著正相关(r=0.549,P<0.001;r=0.724,P<0.001)。影响儿童语言发育的家庭因素包括喂养方式、与电子产品接触时间、父母关系、母亲的文化程度等。结论儿童语言发育迟缓常伴随应物能和应人能等方面的落后,应根据全面发育水平的评估结果,实施针对性指导和干预,家庭环境中应减少或避免不利因素对儿童语言能力的影响。
Objective To investigate the features of intellectual development and family influencing factors in children with language delay,provide clues to intervention training.Methods The developmental levels of gross and fine motor,adaptive behavior,language,and social abilities were evaluated in 432 children with language delay by Gesell developmental schedule.They were expressed by the developmental quotients(DQ)of motor ability,object ability,language ability,and person ability,respectively.The correlation between language,adaptive behavior and social abilities were analyzed,and family influencing factors were analyzed.Results All the 432 children had normal mean gross motor ability.Fine motor,object,language,and person abilities were all lower than those of normal children.The language ability was the lowest,which was significantly positively correlated with the object and person abilities(r=0.549,P<0.001;r=0.724,P<0.001).The family influencing factors included way of rearing,contact time with electronic products,parental relationship,and cultural level of mother.Conclusion Children with language delay may have abnormal object and person abilities.Targeted guidance and intervention should be implemented according to the assessment results of the overall development level,and the influence of adverse factors on children’s language ability should be reduced or avoided in the family environment.
作者
张娜
崔欣华
ZHANG Na;CUI Xinhua(The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University(The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang),Lianyungang 222000,Jiangsu Province,China)
出处
《教育生物学杂志》
2022年第4期308-312,共5页
Journal of Bio-education
关键词
语言发育迟缓
发育水平
干预
儿童
language delay
developmental level
intervention
children
