摘要
目的:探讨与注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童发病的相关危险因素及调查ADHD儿童家庭教养方式现状,为我国ADHD儿童的早期预防和综合诊治提供一定的科学依据。方法:运用自编注意缺陷多动障碍调查问卷、Conners儿童行为问卷、家庭教养方式问卷对2018-2019年在西安市儿童医院儿童保健中心就诊并确诊的509名ADHD患儿及452名健康对照儿童的遗传、社会环境因素、家庭教养方式及近期心理行为表现等多方面情况进行统计分析。结果:多因素Logistic回归分析显示,父母患有ADHD(OR=7.176,P<0.05)、母亲孕期服药(OR=2.499,P<0.05)、儿童入睡困难(OR=6.248,P<0.001)、儿童患有过敏性疾病(OR=1.670,P<0.05)是ADHD发病的危险因素。t检验分析得出,ADHD组儿童家长在权威型教养方式得分更低(t=-19.360,P<0.001),在专制型(t=14.518,P<0.001)和纵容型教养方式得分(t=12.906,P<0.001)显著高于对照组。结论:ADHD儿童的发病可能与遗传因素、孕期母亲服药、儿童睡眠问题和过敏疾病等有关,ADHD儿童父母更多采用负性的教养方式,需引起重点关注。
Objective:To explore the risk factors of ADHD and investigate the current situation of these children’s parenting style,and to provide scientific basis for early prevention and comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of ADHD children in China.Methods:The genetic,social and environmental factors,parenting style and recent psychological behavior of 509 ADHD children who were diagnosed in the children’s health care department of Xi’an Children’s Hospital and of 452 healthy control children from 2018-2019 were analyzed by self-compiled attention deficit hyperactivity disorder questionnaire,Conners children’s behavior questionnaire and Parenting Practices Questionnaire.Results:Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that parents had ADHD(OR=7.176,P<0.05),mothers took medication during pregnancy(OR=2.499,P<0.05),children had difficulty sleeping(OR=6.248,P<0.01),children had allergic diseases(OR=1.670,P<0.05)were risk factors for ADHD.t test analysis showed that ADHD group had lower scores in authoritative parenting style(t=-19.360,P<0.001)and significantly higher scores in autocratic parenting style(t=14.518,P<0.001)and permissive parenting style(t=12.906,P<0.001).Conclusion:The incidence of ADHD children may be related to genetic factors,maternal medication,children’s sleep problems and allergic diseases,and compared with the parents of control group,ADHD children’s parents adopt more negative parenting style.it needs to be focused attention.
作者
张婕
田琳
张艳楠
赵小艳
杨毅
成银萍
谭川雪
ZHANG Jie;TIAN Lin;ZHANG Yannan(Child Health Care Department,Xi'an Children's Hospital,Xi'an 710003,China)
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
北大核心
2022年第8期1132-1136,共5页
China Journal of Health Psychology
基金
陕西省重点研发计划项目(编号:2018SF229)。
关键词
神经发育障碍
危险因素
注意缺陷多动障碍
儿童
Neurodevelopmental disorders
Risk factors
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Children
