摘要
为筛选对谷子安全的除草剂,采用室内生物测定法,使用嗪草酮、二氯异噁草酮、丙炔氟草胺、唑嘧磺草胺、砜吡草唑、特丁津6种除草剂,分别在谷子苗前和苗后2个时期用药。采用田间小区试验研究室内生物试验所筛选得到的特丁津的杂草防治效果和安全性。室内生物测定结果表明,6种除草剂苗前用药对谷子的鲜重抑制率均超过20%,并出现死苗;除草剂同剂量下苗后茎叶处理对谷子株高和鲜重的抑制程度均低于其土壤处理,其中嗪草酮、丙炔氟草胺和砜吡草唑对谷子的鲜重抑制率均超过20%;50%特丁津悬浮剂1500、1800 g/hm^(2)对谷子的鲜重抑制率分别为0.76%、2.99%,对反枝苋的防效达98.42%、100%。田间小区试验表明,50%特丁津悬浮剂1500、1800 g/hm^(2)对阔叶杂草的鲜重防效分别为93.46%、95.84%,较空白对照增产41.40%、41.82%。嗪草酮等6种除草剂苗前土壤处理对谷子的安全性低,特丁津有在谷田作为茎叶处理剂防除阔叶杂草的应用前景。
In order to screen safe herbicides for Setaria italica(foxtail millet),the efficacy of metribuzin,bixlozone,flumioxazin,flumetsulam,pyroxasulfone and terbuthylazine were studied using laboratory bioassays in two application periods of seedling pre-emergence and post-emergence,respectively.A field experiment was conducted to test the weed control efficacy and safety of terbuthylazine screened out by the indoor bioassay experiment.The indoor bioassay results showed that the pre-emergence application of the six herbicides inhibited the biomass of foxtail millet by more than 20%and caused seedling death.In foliar-applied treatments,the herbicides inhibited plant height and biomass of foxtail millet to a lesser degree than in soil treatments,but the inhibitory rate of metribuzin,flumioxazin and pyroxasulfone on foxtail millet were more than 20%.The biomass inhibition rate on foxtail millet by 1500 g/hm^(2) and 1800 g/hm^(2) of 50%terbuthylazine SC was 0.76%and 2.99%respectively,and the control efficacy on Amaranthus retroflexus was 98.42%and 100%respectively.Field experiment showed that the biomass control efficacy of 1500 g/hm^(2) and 1800 g/hm^(2) of 50%terbuthylazine SC on broad-leaved weeds were 93.46%and 95.84%,respectively,and the two treatments increased the millet yield by 41.40%and 41.82%compared with the blank control.Based on the research results,the six herbicides have low safety on foxtail millet under pre-emergence soil treatment,and terbuthylazine has the application prospect as foliar-applied herbicide in the control of broad-leaved weeds in foxtail millet field.
作者
李秉华
刘小民
许贤
赵铂锤
李卓霖
LI Binghua;LIU Xiaomin;XU Xian;ZHAO Bochui;LI Zhuolin(Institute of Food and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science/Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050035;College of Economics and Management,Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2022年第19期133-138,共6页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
河北省省级科技计划“谷田杂草绿色安全高效防控关键技术研究与示范”(20326504D)。
关键词
除草剂
谷子
安全性
杂草
防效
herbicide
Setaria italica
safety
weed
control efficacy
