摘要
科技实力作为实现国家科技战略目标的能力,既是国家综合国力的重要组成部分,也是不断提高综合国力的科技创新基础。定量评价了2000—2020年中国科技实力的跨越式发展,从科技追赶型进入科技创新型行列,从世界科技第二方阵进入第一方阵,从量的积累迈向质的飞跃,取得了历史性的跨越式发展;充分彰显了党的全面领导政治优势、国家创新驱动发展战略优势,以及社会主义市场经济体制下新型举国体制优势与科技人力资源优势等。根据中国坚持把科技自立自强作为国家发展的战略支撑要求,未来发展多方面的优势和有利条件,对国家科技创新目标、强化国家战略科技力量、实施创新驱动发展战略提出了政策建议;进而对2025年及2035年中国科技远景目标进行展望,即科技实力大幅跃升,进入世界创新型国家前列。
Scientific and technological strength refers to the ability for a nation to achieve its strategic goals,which is both an important part of the comprehensive national power and the basis of science and technology innovation for its growth.This paper evaluates quantitatively the great leap development of China′s scientific and technological strength from 2000 to 2020.China′s science and technology developed from a catching-up stage to an innovative stage,from the second tier of the world′s science and technology to the first one,from the accumulation of quantity to the qualitative leap forward.This fully reflects the political advantages of the CPC′s overall leadership,the advantages of strategy of innovation-driven development,the advantages of a new type of nationwide system under the socialist market economy,and the advantages of human resources in science and technology,etc.According to the requirement of insisting on the self-reliance and self-improvement of science and technology as the strategic support of national development,this paper also provides policy suggestions to strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological power.Finally,according to the advantages and favorable conditions of China′s future development in many aspects,this paper provides an outlook to China′s scientific and technological strategic goals in 2025 to 2035,which is to guarantee that China becomes one of the innovative countries.
作者
胡鞍钢
HU Angang(Institute for Contemporary China Studies,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;National and Global Governance Institute,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Public Policy and Management,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《北京工业大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期1-15,共15页
Journal of Beijing University of Technology (Social Sciences Edition)
基金
中宣部全国哲学社会科学工作办公室国家高端智库专项项目(20155010298)
清华大学文科“双高”专项项目(53120600119)。
关键词
科技实力
科技创新
国家战略科技力量
创新驱动发展
“非对称”赶超战略
scientific and technological strength
scientific and technological innovation
national scientific and technological strategic power
innovation-driven development
"Asymmetric"catch-up strategy
