摘要
目的 探讨山西省手足口病(Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, HFMD)的流行病学特征和空间分布特点,为疫情防控工作提供理论依据。方法 收集2017年1月-2020年12月山西省手足口病患者资料。采用描述性研究和χ;检验分析HFMD的流行特征,使用Arcgis 13.0分析HFMD的空间分布特点。结果 2017-2020年山西省累计报告HFMD10 180例,逐年发病率分别为9.85/10万、7.71/10万、7.04/10万、2.99/10万,呈显著下降趋势(P<0.01)。HFMD发病具有明显的季节性,其中2017-2019年呈“高峰-次高峰”分布,发病主要集中在6-7月(合计3 919例)和10-11月(合计1 402例);2020年呈“单峰”分布,只集中在10-11月(合计554例)。HFMD报告病例中男性5 875例,女性4 305例,男女性别比例为1.36∶1。HFMD多发于5岁以下儿童,占病例总数的86.18%(8 773/10 180),尤其是1~3岁的散居儿童(P<0.01)。2017-2020年山西省HFMD肠道病毒感染阳性率分别为66.61%(2 428/3 645)、59.42%(1 703/2 866)、63.49%(1 666/2 624)、64.78%(677/1 045),均超过或接近60.00%。其他肠道病毒和CVA16已成为山西省HFMD病原的主要型别,病毒混合感染的病例较少。2017-2020年HFMD发病人数较多的地区主要集中在山西省中部,如太原市、晋中市、临汾市和长治市,北部地区发病人数较少。结论 2017-2020年山西省HFMD发病具有明显的季节性、地域性和人群差异,引起HFMD流行的主要病原型别为其他肠道病毒和CVA16,应加强对高发季节、重点区域和高危人群的防控,有效遏制疫情扩散。
Objective To explore the epidemiological and spatial distribution characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease(HFMD)in Shanxi province, so as to provide a theoretical basis for epidemic prevention and control. Methods The data of patients with HFMD were collected in Shanxi province from January 2017 to December 2020.Descriptive studies and χ^(2) tests were applied to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD,and Arcgis 13.0 was applied to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics. Results A total of 10 180 cases of HFMD were reported in Shanxi province during 2017-2020,and the annual incidence was 9.85/10~5,7.71/10~5,7.04/10~5,2.99/10~5 respectively, showing a significant downward trend(P<0.01).The incidence of HFMD had obvious seasonality, the distribution was "peak-subpeak" from 2017 to 2019,and the incidence was mainly concentrated in June to July(3 919 cases) and October to November(1 402 cases);While in 2020,it showed a "single peak" distribution, which was only concentrated in October to November(554 cases).Among the reported cases of HFMD,there were 5 875 males and 4 305 females, with a male-female ratio of 1.36∶1.Furthermore, HFMD mostly occurred in children under 5 years old, accounting for 86.18%(8 773/10 180)of all the cases, especially in scattered living children aged 1-3 years old(P<0.01).From 2017 to 2020,the positive rates of HFMD enterovirus infection in Shanxi province were 66.61%(2 428/3 645),59.42%(1 703/2 866),63.49%(1 666/2 624) and 64.78%(677/1 045),all of which were more than or close to 60%.Other EV and CVA16 had become the main types of HFMD pathogens in Shanxi province, and the cases of mixed virus infection were few.Areas with a large number of HFMD cases during 2017-2020 were mainly concentrated in the central part of Shanxi province, such as Taiyuan city, Jinzhong city, Linfen city and Changzhi city, while the number of HFMD cases in northern areas was relatively small. Conclusion From 2017 to 2020,the incidence of HFMD in Shanxi province had obvious seasonal, r
作者
董阿莉
刘元
安建华
马艺菲
余红梅
DONG A-li;LIU Yuan;AN Jian-hua;MA Yi-fei;YU Hong-mei(Shanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taiyuan,Shanxi,030001,China;不详)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2022年第6期401-404,410,共5页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
基金
国家科技重大专项项目(2018ZX10201002-003-005)。
关键词
手足口病
流行特征
空间分布
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
Epidemiological characteristics
Spatial distribution
