摘要
作为新通用技术的数字技术,给数字经济赋予了如下方面的内生特性:信息产品的非争夺性,信息的边际成本趋零,数字市场在线不在场,大数据成为关键投入品。在这些内生特性的主导下,数字经济产业组织的焦点不再是市场结构,而是自我优待、拒绝交易、差别化定价与激进补贴、杀手型并购等策略性新式行为。不过,这些新式行为的要害在于,它们在很大程度上由数据与算法所驱动、所引领。如果对数据和算法缺乏科学和有力规制,就会刺激对数据的滥采滥用、对算法的不当和过度使用,从而形成数字经济时代的新公害。因此,数字经济产业组织政策应该把重点放在防止新公害方面。从长远而言,需要建立一个可嵌入未来并基于场景的数权体系和算责制度,这与工业经济时代所建立的产权体系具有同样的基础性意义。此外,产业组织政策还应防止对数字创新造成不必要的妨害,并防止对市场化风险资本的正面作用形成不当抑制。
Digital technology as a new general-purpose technology has endowed the digital economy with endogenous attributes in terms of the non-competitive nature of information products,the marginal cost of information tending towards zero,the online absence of digital markets and the emergence of big data as a key input.Dominated by these endogenous attributes,the focus of the industrial organisation of the digital economy is no longer on market structures,but on strategic new-style behaviours such as self-preferencing,refusals to deal,discriminating pricing,and killer acquisitions.The key to these new forms of behaviour,however,is that they are driven and led to a large extent by data and algorithms.The lack of scientific and robust regulation of data and algorithms will stimulate the indiscriminate misuse of data and the inappropriate and excessive use of algorithms,thus creating a new public nuisance in the digital economy.Therefore,industrial organisation policies for the digital economy should focus on preventing new public hazards.In the long term,there is a need for a future-embedded and scenario-based system of digital rights and algorithm responsibility system,which is as fundamental as the property rights system established in the industrial economy.In addition,industrial organisation policies should prevent unnecessary detriments to digital innovation and undue disincentives to the positive effects of market-based venture capital.
作者
张文魁
Zhang Wenkui(Development Research Center of the State Council)
出处
《管理世界》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第7期79-89,共11页
Journal of Management World
关键词
数字经济
产业组织
反垄断
数据
digital economy
industrial organization
antimonopoly
data
