摘要
大水面养殖具有养殖区域面积大、养殖环境更接近自然、养殖鱼类接近于野生等特点,倍受沿海养殖业青睐。但是大水面养殖在捕捞过程中存在对某一规格或某一区间的鱼进行起捕的问题,缺乏精准起捕设备。为解决精准起捕问题,本文设计了一套依鱼类的体宽设计分级栅间距进而实现精准起捕的捕捞设备,该设备可以起捕大于某一体宽的鱼类,实现按需、定时、暂养的功能。起捕设备主要由盖网结构(网盖和盖座)、分级结构(分级栅)、取鱼结构(集鱼箱)3部分组成。本文以鲈鱼为实验对象,通过实验室和大水面分级试验研究了分级结构栅格间距与鱼类体宽的关系。研究结果表明:在鲈鱼起捕时,分级栅间距设置为小于等于鱼的体宽,可以有效捕捞体宽大于该间距的鲈鱼,达到良好的精准起捕效果。此外,针对该分级栅栅格间距调整不便以及无法筛选单一规格或某一区间规格的鱼的问题,提出了具有无级可调功能的双层分级结构,并进行了实验室测试试验。研究结果表明:双层分级结构可以对鲈鱼进行单一体宽或区间体宽分级。本文只针对鲈鱼开展了研究,下一步将对其他品种的鱼进行研究,同时开展无级可调双层分级结构大水面养殖环境试验,验证双层分级结构的稳定性和可行性,为未来应用于起捕设备提供参考。
Large water bodies have the characteristics of large water area and aquaculture environment closer to nature, and has developed rapidly in recent years. However, in the fishing process of large water bodies, there is a problem that the fish of a certain size or a certain range cannot be caught, and there is a lack of precision harvesting equipment. In this paper, in order to solve the problem of precise catch, a set of harvesting equipment is designed to achieve precise catch by designing the spacing of the grading grids according to the body width of the fish. The equipment can catch fish larger than a certain body width, and realize the functions of on-demand, timing, temporary raising and less damage. The harvesting equipment is mainly composed of three parts: cover net structure(net cover and cover base), grading structure(grading grid)and fish picking structure(fish collecting box). Taking perch as the experimental object, this paper studies the relationship between the grid spacing of the hierarchical structure and the fish body width through laboratory and large water classification experiments. The research results show that when the perch starts to catch, the spacing between the grading grids is set to be less than or equal to the body width of the fish, which can effectively catch the perch whose body width is larger than this spacing, and achieve a good effect of accurate starting. In addition, in view of the inconvenient adjustment of the grading bar spacing of the grading grid and the inability to screen fish of a single specification or a certain interval specification, a doublelayer hierarchical structure with infinitely variable adjustment is proposed and tested in the laboratory. The results show that the doublelayered classification structure can be used for single body width or interval body width classification for perch. The results of this paper are only studied for sea bass, and the next step will be to study other species of fish. At the same time, a large water bodies environment test wit
作者
游洋
王萍
张华
曲晓玉
冯德军
桂福坤
YOU Yang;WANG Ping;ZHANG Hua(National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022;School of Marine Science and Technology of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022;School of Naval Architecture and Maritime of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)
出处
《浙江海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2022年第4期327-336,共10页
Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University：Natural Science
基金
国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项(2019YFD0900900)
国家自然科学基金(32002441)
浙江省基础公益研究计划(LGN20C190011)。
关键词
大水面养殖
起捕设备
分级栅间距
精准分级
无级可调
large water bodies
harvesting equipment
grading space
precise grading
infinitely variable adjustment
