摘要
目的提出一种气囊式头盔缓冲内衬结构,并分析其对两轮车骑车人头部损伤的防护效果。方法将气囊式内衬应用于自行车(半盔)和摩托车(全盔)两款典型的两轮车骑车人头盔,通过标准GB 24429-2009和法规ECE R22.05测试工况下的有限元碰撞仿真,获得人体头部模型运动学和生物力学响应,从颅骨骨折和颅脑损伤风险角度对比常规聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料(expanded polystyrene,EPS)头盔,综合评价气囊式头盔的防护性能。结果当气囊压力为0.06 MPa时,气囊式头盔(半盔/全盔)防护下的人体头部颅骨骨折相关量分别小于120 g和150 g,颅骨骨折风险基本低于40%;颅脑最大主应变均小于0.3,轻度脑损伤风险均低于25%;气囊式头盔防护下的人体颅骨骨折和颅脑损伤风险均低于EPS头盔。结论本文设计的气囊式头盔具有较好的防护效果,能兼顾颅骨骨折和颅脑损伤防护,可以为新型头盔的设计提供基础示例。损伤风险分析也可为骑车人头部损伤应急诊断提供初步参考。
Objective To propose an airbag-type helmet cushioning lining structure and analyze its protective effect on head injury of two-wheeled bicycle riders.Methods The airbag lining was applied to two typical two-wheeled bicycle helmets for bicycles(half helmets)and motorcycles(full helmets).Then kinematic and biomechanical responses of the human head model were predicted from impact simulations under test conditions of the standard GB 24429-2009 and the regulations ECE R22.05,and conventional expanded polystyrene(EPS)helmets were compared from the perspective of skull fracture and brain injury risk,so as to make comprehensive evaluation on protective performance of the airbag helmet.Results When the airbag pressure was 0.06 MPa,the relevant amount of human skull fracture under protection of airbag helmet(half/full helmet)was smaller than 120 g and 150 g,respectively;the risk of skull fracture was basically lower than 40%;the maximum principal strains of the brain were both smaller than 0.3,which indicated that the risk of mild brain injury was lower than 25%.Generally,the risk of human skull fracture and head injury under protection of airbag helmets was lower than that under protection of EPS helmets.Conclusions The airbag helmet designed in this study has a good protective effect,which can give attention to the protection of both skull fracture and head injury,providing a basic example for the design of novel helmet.Injury risk analysis can also provide the preliminary reference for emergency diagnosis on head injury of cyclists.
作者
孟恒帅
毛征宇
马华星
王方
肖志
李桂兵
MENG Hengshuai;MAO Zhengyu;MA Huaxing;WANG Fang;XIAO Zhi;LI Guibing(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,Hunan,China;School of Automobile and Mechanical Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China;School of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)
出处
《医用生物力学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期460-466,共7页
Journal of Medical Biomechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(51805162)
湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(20B233)
湖南省教育厅重点项目(18A188)。
关键词
气囊式头盔
有限元仿真
颅骨骨折
颅脑损伤
防护性能
airbag helmet
finite element simulation
skull fracture
brain injury
protection performance
