摘要
试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平诱食剂对7~150日龄荷斯坦犊牛增重、耗料增重比、体尺指标、部分血清激素水平的影响。选取60头体重(33±2)kg、(7±3)日龄的荷斯坦母犊牛,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复4头牛。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中加入300 mg/kg和500 mg/kg诱食剂(γ-壬内酯、乙基香兰素),试验预试期7 d,正试期136 d,其中60~67日龄为断奶过渡期。结果表明:试验全期各组犊牛的体重均无显著差异;14~60日龄时,2个试验组犊牛的干物质采食量均高于对照组(P<0.05);91~150日龄时,300 mg/kg诱食剂组犊牛的干物质采食量低于其他各组(P<0.05);在断奶过渡期内,500 mg/kg诱食剂组的耗料增重比优于其他各组(P<0.05);在犊牛断奶前后的60~67、61~90日龄,500 mg/kg诱食剂组犊牛的部分体尺增长率高于其他各组(P<0.05);试验全期各组平均体尺增长率均无显著差异;试验全期各组的血清胰岛素、生长激素、类胰岛素样生长因子-I、神经肽Y、5-羟色胺、γ-氨基丁酸含量之间均无显著差异。由此可见,饲粮中添加诱食剂能提高犊牛60日龄前的干物质采食量,维持犊牛较高的营养摄入,其中添加500 mg/kg诱食剂的效果优于300 mg/kg。
This experiment was conducted to explore the effects of adding different attractants to the starter diet on the weight gain of Holstein calves at the of 7-150 days, feed conversion ratio, body measurements, and some serum hormones.Sixty Holstein heifers [(33±2) kg and(7±3) days] were randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates in each group and 4 cows in each replicate. Calves in the control group were fed with the basal starter diet, and calves in two experimental groups were fed with the basal diet supplemented with 300 and 500 mg/kg attractants(γ-nonanolactone, and ethyl vanillin),respectively. The pre-test period was 7 d and the positive test period was 136 d, of which 60-67 d was the transition period of weaning. The results are as follows: During the whole experiment period,there were no significant differences in body weight among groups(P>0.05). At the age from 14 d to 60 d, the dry matter intake of calves in two experimental groups was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05);at the age from 90 d to 150 d, the dry matter intake of calves in the 300 mg/kg attractant group was obviously lower than that of other groups(P<0.05). During the weaning transition period,the feed conversion ratio of 500 mg/kg attractants group was obviously higher than that of other groups(P<0.05);in the preand post-weaning period(60-67 d, and 60-90 d), the growth rate of the partial body sizes of 500 mg/kg attractants group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05). During the whole experiment period, there were no significant differences in the average growth rate of body size between the groups(P>0.05);There were no significant differences in the levels of serum INS, GH, IGF-I, NPY, 5-HT and GABA among the groups(P>0.05). In conclusion, adding attractants into the starter diet can increase dry matter intake of calves before 60 days and maintain a high nutritional intake of calves. In this experiment, the effects of adding 500 mg/kg attractant were better than that of adding 300 mg/kg attr
作者
焦崇
吴秋珏
屠焰
王硕
苗赟
徐硕辉
刁其玉
JIAO Chong;WU Qiujue;TU Yan;WANG Shuo;MIAO Yun;XU Shuohui;DIAO Qiyu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan University of Science and Technology,Henan Luoyang,471003,China;Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《中国畜牧杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第6期184-189,共6页
Chinese Journal of Animal Science
基金
奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队(BAIC06)。
关键词
诱食剂
荷斯坦犊牛
断奶应激
生产性能
血清激素
Attractants
Holstein calves
Weaning stress
Growth performance
Serum hormone
