摘要
目的:分析医院2019年—2020年58例抗菌药物所致药物不良反应(adverse drug reactions,ADRs)的临床特征,为该类药物的ADRs的防治提供参考。方法:选取2019年—2020年江门市第二人民医院上报国家药品不良反应监测系统58例抗菌药物不良反应报告的病历资料,从患者年龄、原发疾病、使用的抗菌药物种类和给药途径,以及ADRs的发生时间、累及器官(或系统)、临床表现和转归等方面分析抗菌药物所致ADRs的发生规律与特点。结果:58例ADRs报告中,以>60岁者为最多(22例,占37.93%),其次为40~60岁者(19例,占32.76%);涉及抗菌药物种类的前3位依次为头孢菌素类(26例,占44.83%)、喹诺酮类(25例,占25.86%)和青霉素类(11例,占18.96%),且有38例的给药途径为静脉给药;ADRs的发生时间主要集中在≤1 d(32例,占55.17%)和>1~3 d(12例,占20.69%);ADRs累及的器官(或系统)主要为皮肤及其附件(占37.93%)、消化系统(占20.69%)和神经系统(占17.24%);所有发生ADRs的患者最终均好转出院,包括4例严重ADRs的患者。结论:抗菌药物ADRs主要发生于40岁以上人群,涉及头孢菌素类、喹诺酮类和青霉素类等药物,给药途径多为静脉给药,累及的器官(或系统)以皮肤及其附件、消化系统和神经系统为主,临床在使用抗菌药物治疗时应多留意患者可能出现的不适症状,以便及时开展处置和救治。
Objective:To analyze clinical characteristics of 58 cases of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)caused by antibacterial drugs in the hospital in 2019-2020 to provide reference for prevention and treatment of ADRs of such drugs.Methods:Medical records of 58 cases of adverse reactions to antibacterial drugs reported to the national adverse drug reaction monitoring system from No.2 People's Hospital of Jiangmen from 2019 to 2020 were selected to analyze the occurrence pattern and characteristics of ADRs caused by antibacterial drugs in terms of patient age,primary disease,types of antibacterial drugs used and route of administration,as well as occurrence time,organs(or systems)involved,clinical manifestations and outcome of ADRs.Results:Among 58 cases of ADRs reported,patients were mostly over 60 years old(22 cases,accounting for 37.93%),followed by those at the age of 40-60(19 cases,accounting for 32.76%);the top 3 types of antibacterial drugs involved were cephalosporins(26 cases,accounting for 44.83%),quinolones(25 cases,accounting for 25.86%)and penicillins(11 cases,accounting for 18.96%),and 38 cases had the route of intravenous administration.The occurrence time of ADRs was mainly≤1d(32 cases,accounting for 55.17%)and>1-3d(12 cases,accounting for 20.69%);the organs(or systems)involved in ADRs were mainly skin and its adnexa(accounting for 37.93%),digestive system(accounting for 20.69%)and nervous system(accounting for 17.24%);all patients with ADRs were eventually healed and discharged from the hospital,including 4 patients with severe ADRs.Conclusion:ADRs of antibacterial drug mainly occurred in people over 40 years old,involving drugs such as cephalosporins,quinolones and penicillins,the route of administration was intravenous mostly,and organs(or systems)involved were mainly skin and its adnexa,digestive system and nervous system.Attention should be paid to the possible discomfort of patients in clinical treatment with antibacterial drugs for timely management and treatment.
作者
龙飘飘
陈丽英
LONG Piao-piao;CHEN Li-ying(Pharmacy Department,No.2 People's Hospital of Jiangmen,Jiangmen Guangdong 529000,China)
出处
《抗感染药学》
2022年第3期423-426,共4页
Anti-infection Pharmacy
关键词
抗菌药物
药物不良反应
临床特征
antibacterial drug
adverse drug reaction
clinical characteristic
