摘要
为了解澳洲坚果不同落果时期果实的营养成分的变化规律,连续3年对澳洲坚果900#品种的落果规律进行观测,并分析不同落果时期果实的营养成分(水分、氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、锌、总糖、蛋白质、脂肪)的含量变化。结果表明:(1)澳洲坚果900#在不同年份落果规律基本--致,从谢花后15d左右开始落果,落果高峰期在花后15d~55d(落果前期),有70%~80%的果实在此阶段集中脱落,花后56d~100d(落果中期)的落果少且较为平稳,花后101 d至果实成熟(落果后期)有较小的落果高峰;(2)落果前期,澳洲坚果900#正常果和脱落果的水分、氮含量显著高于后期,且正常果水分含量显著高于脱落果;(3)澳洲坚果900#正常果和脱落果的蛋白质和脂肪含量在落果前、中、后期显著增加,尤其是落果前期正常果比脱落果脂肪含量高82.35%,差异显著;(4)正常果和脱落果在不同落果时期的磷、钾、钙、镁、锌、总糖含量差异均不显著。综合以上研究结果推断水分和脂肪供应不足可能是澳洲坚果前期脱落的主要原因。
In order to understand the changes of nutritional components of Macadamia ternifolia in different fruit falling periods, the fruit falling rules of Macadamia ternifolia 900# varieties were observed for three consecutive years, and the changes of nutritional components(water, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, total sugar, protein and fat) in different fruit falling periods were analyzed. The results showed that:(1) the fruit drop regularity of Macadamia ternifolia 900# in different years was basically the same. The fruit drop started from about 15 days after flowering, and the peak of fruit drop was from 15 days to 55 days after flowering(early stage of fruit drop). 70% ~ 80% of the fruits fell intensively at this stage. The fruit drop was less and more stable from 56 days to 100days after flowering(middle stage of fruit drop), and there was a small peak from 101 days after flowering to fruit maturity(late stage of fruit drop);(2) In the early stage of fruit falling, the moisture and nitrogen contents of Macadamia ternifolia 900# normal fruit and falling fruit were significantly higher than those in the late stage, and the moisture content of normal fruit was significantly higher than that of falling fruit;(3) The contents of protein and fat in normal Macadamia ternifolia 900# and fallen fruit increased significantly before, during and after falling, especially, the fat content of normal fruit was 82.35% higher than that of exfoliated fruit, and the difference was significant;(4) The contents of phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc and total sugar in normal fruit and abscission fruit at different fruit dropping stages were not significantly different. Based on the above results, it is concluded that the insufficient supply of water and fat may be the main reason for the early abscission of Macadamia ternifolia.
出处
《大众科技》
2022年第6期83-86,46,共5页
Popular Science & Technology
基金
广西自然科学基金(桂科青0832026)
广西科技计划项目(桂科AB19245008)
国家自然科学基金项目(31860537)
广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT154)。
关键词
澳洲坚果
果实
落果时期
营养成分
Macadamia ternifolia
fruit
fruit dropping periods
nutrient composition
