摘要
养老护理员对机构老年人的生活质量有着重要影响,但其在工作中面临着严峻的职业污名。采用深度访谈法和参与观察方法,以B市K养老机构为例,探析养老护理员遭遇的职业污名类型及其应对策略,并从文化视角对其职业污名化进行阐释。研究发现:养老护理员面临着肮脏污名、个人素养污名、职业道德污名、社会地位污名等职业污名;面对职业污名,养老护理员采取消极和积极两种应对策略,消极应对策略主要包括信息控制、无视与隐忍、离职,而积极应对策略则主要包括重构照料的意义、满足社会道德感以构建高尚的职业荣誉感。从文化视角来看,养老护理员面对职业污名采取不同应对策略的根源在于:基于老年照料劳动中的肮脏文化、死亡文化、劳动分工等形成的职业污名文化与基于孝文化、平等文化、利他文化等形成的职业荣誉感文化并存。
Elderly care workers have an important impact on the quality of life of institutional residents,but they face severe occupational stigmas.Using in-depth interviews and participatory observation methods,taking nursing home K in city B as an example,this paper explored types of occupational stigmas encountered by eldercare workers as well as relevant coping strategies,and then explained their occupational stigmas from a cultural perspective.Results show that care workers are faced with dirty stigmas,personal quality stigmas,professional ethics stigmas,social status stigmas and other occupational stigmas.When confronted with occupational stigmas,care workers usually adopt two coping strategies,namely negative and positive.Negative strategies mainly include information blocking,ignoring and forbearance and quitting,whereas positive strategies mainly refer to reconstructing the meaning of care,having a sense of social morality and developing a sense of professional honor.From the cultural perspective,the root cause behind different coping strategies is the coexistence of the stigma culture formed by the dirty culture,death culture and division of labor,and the culture of professional honor resulted from the filial piety,equality and altruism.
作者
栾文敬
李蓝天
张金鹏
LUAN Wenjing;LI Lantian;ZHANG Jinpeng(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,Hebei Province,China)
出处
《老龄科学研究》
2022年第5期58-67,共10页
Scientific Research on Aging
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2019MS137)。
关键词
养老护理员
职业污名
老年人
养老机构
elderly care worker
occupational stigma
the elderly
senior care institutions
