摘要
土壤团聚体是土壤生态系统中重要的组成部分,影响着土壤的物理、化学和生物学性质,它的稳定性是受粘结剂和分散剂共同作用的结果。本研究目的在于探讨粘结剂和分散剂对土壤团聚体稳定机制的影响。选取全国10种主要地带性土壤类型(黑土、红壤、黄棕壤、暗棕壤、紫色土、栗钙土、黄绵土、潮土、砖红壤、风沙土)为研究对象,采用湿筛法筛分土壤团聚体并测定分析。结果表明:在10种类型土壤团聚体分布中发现砖红壤>0.25 mm大团聚体含量最高,为86.77%;黑土次之,为76.13%;潮土大团聚体含量最少,仅为42.85%。>2 mm和0.5~1 mm含量对团聚体分布影响最大。各个土壤有机质中黑土有机质含量为46.06 g/kg,显著高于其他土壤,砖红壤次之;粒径<0.053 mm时各土壤有机质差异最显著,粒径>2 mm时与全土有机质趋势一致。栗钙土在10种土壤中交换性钠含量最高,为234.48 mg/kg,其次是潮土177.08 mg/kg。从整体看,有机质含量与土壤团聚体稳定性呈正相关(r=0.615),交换性钠与土壤团聚体呈负相关(r=-0.391),有机质与团聚体稳定性的显著相关性在粒径0.053~0.25 mm最明显。土壤团聚体的稳定由有机质与交换性钠共同作用,增加相同单位的有机质与交换性钠,有机质对团聚体的稳定效果是交换性钠分散效果的10倍。为更好的保护土壤,在农业生产中应施用含钠较低的有机肥,减少人类对土壤结构的破坏。
Soil aggregate is an important part of the soil ecosystem, and can affect the physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. Its stability is the result of the combined action of binders and dispersants. To explore the effects of binders and dispersants on the stabilization mechanism of soil aggregates, the authors selected 10 main zonal soil types across the country(black soil, red soil, yellow brown soil, dark brown soil,purple soil, chestnut soil, loess soil, fluvo-aquic soil, brick red soil and aeolian sand soil) as the research objects, screened soil aggregates by wet sieving method and conducted the measurement and analysis. The results showed that in the aggregate distribution of the 10 soil types, the content of large aggregates in brick red soil(> 0.25 mm) was the highest, which was 86.77%, followed by that in black soil, which was 76.13%;the content of large aggregates in fluvo-aquic soil was the least, only 42.85%. The content of aggregates >2 mm and of 0.5-1 mm had the greatest influence on the distribution of aggregates. The organic matter content of black soil was 46.06 g/kg, significantly higher than that of other soil types, followed by that of brick red soil.The difference of soil organic matters was most significant when the aggregate size was <0.053 mm, and the organic matter trend was the same as the whole soil when the aggregate size was >2 mm. Chestnut soil had the highest exchangeable sodium content among the 10 soil types, which was 234.48 mg/kg, followed by fluvoaquic soil with the content of 177.08 mg/kg. On the whole, the organic matter content was positively correlated with the stability of soil aggregates(r=0.615), exchangeable sodium content was negatively correlated with soil aggregates(r=-0.391), and the significant correlation between organic matter and the stability of aggregates was obvious on the aggregate size of 0.053-0.25 mm. The stabilization of soil aggregates was caused by the combined action of organic matter and exchangeable sodium, increasing the same unit of or
作者
余洁
苗淑杰
乔云发
YU Jie;MIAO Shujie;QIAO Yunfa(School of Applied Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2022年第14期89-95,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金(42177279)
江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金(BE2022312)。
关键词
团聚体
有机质
分散剂
粘结剂
交换性钠
平均重量直径
aggregate
organic matter
dispersant
binder
exchangeable sodium
average weight diameter
