摘要
为明确湖北省潜江市半夏软腐病的病原菌种类,筛选有效杀菌剂,为半夏软腐病病害防治提供理论依据。该研究对病原菌进行分子生物学和生理生化鉴定,通过离体植物组织接种测定其致病力和致病谱,采用抑菌圈法进行室内毒力测定,筛选出抑菌效果较好的药剂,通过离体叶片和块茎验证其对半夏软腐病的防效。分别基于16S rDNA、dnaX基因和recA基因序列构建系统发育树,结果显示致病菌与模式菌株Dickeya fangzhongdai JS5属于同一分支,同时生理生化鉴定结果表明致病菌与D.fangzhongdai无差异性,证明该致病菌是D.fangzhongdai;致病力测定结果表明该致病菌24 h可明显侵染叶片,3 d可明显侵染块茎。室内毒力测定结果表明,0.3%四霉素、5%大蒜素、80%乙蒜素具有较好的抑菌作用,EC_(50)均小于50 mg·L^(-1);离体组织防效表明,5%大蒜素的防效最好,其次为0.3%四霉素、10%中生·寡糖素,且预防效果优于治疗效果。因此,5%大蒜素可作为半夏软腐病防治的优选药剂,0.3%四霉素、10%中生·寡糖素作为交替药剂使用,为半夏软腐病的防治提供一定的理论依据。
This study was designed to identify the pathogen causing soft rot of Pinellia ternata in Qianjiang of Hubei province and screen out the effective bactericides,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the control of soft rot of P.ternata.In this study,the pathogen was identified based on molecular biology and physiological biochemistry,followed by the detection of pathogenicity and pathogenicity spectrum via plant tissue inoculation in vitro and the indoor toxicity determination using the inhibition zone method to screen out bactericide with good antibacterial effects.The control effect of the bactericide against P.ternata soft rot was verified by the leave and tuber inoculation in vitro.The phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the 16 S rDNA,dnaX gene,and recA gene sequences,respectively,and the result showed that the pathogen belonged to the same branch as the type strain Dickeya fangzhongdai JS5.The physiological and biochemical tests showed that the pathogen was identical to D.fangzhongdai,which proved that the pathogen was D.fangzhongdai.The pathogenicity test indicated that the pathogen could obviously infect leaves at 24 h and tubers in 3 d.As revealed by the indoor toxicity test,0.3%tetramycin,5%allicin,and 80%ethylicin had good antibacterial activities,with EC_(50)values all less than 50 mg·L^(-1).Tests in tissues in vitro showed that 5%allicin exhibited the best control effect,followed by 0.3%tetramycin and 10%zhongshengmycin oligosaccharide,and their preventive effects were better than curative effects.Therefore,5%allicin can be used as the preferred agent for the control of P.ternata soft rot,and 0.3%tetramycin and 10%zhongshengmycin oligosaccharide as the alternatives.This study has provided a certain theoretical basis for the control of P.ternata soft rot.
作者
王帆帆
唐涛
毛婷
段媛媛
郭晓亮
方国斌
匡辉
孙光忠
游景茂
WANG Fan-fan;TANG Tao;MAO Ting;DUAN Yuan-yuan;GUO Xiao-liang;FANG Guo-bin;KUANG Hui;SUN Guang-zhong;YOU Jing-mao(Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicines,Hubei Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Enshi 445000,China;the Vegetational Protection Union Station of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430000,China)
出处
《中国中药杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期889-896,共8页
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
基金
湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BCA059)
湖北省农业科技创新中心2020年重大科技研发项目(2020-620-000-002-04)
财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-21)
湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BBB135)。
关键词
半夏
软腐病
病原鉴定
致病力
药剂筛选
Pinellia ternata
soft rot
pathogen identification
pathogenicity
bactericide screening
