摘要
变色材料广泛应用于航空航天、能源化工、日用食品、国防及科学研究等诸多领域。紫精化合物(N-取代的-4,4’-联吡啶季铵盐,V)能在外界光、电、热等激发下表现出多样的变色性质,是一类重要的变色材料。本文将紫精变色材料的科学前沿成果引入本科实验教学,创新设计了一个面向本科低年级学生开设的大学化学基础实验。该实验以激发学生的好奇心与探索欲,培养学生对化学的学习兴趣,开阔学生的视野,提高学生对化学的认知为目的,合成了邻羟基苯乙酮取代基紫精,研究了它的溶剂化显色、热致变色及对NH3的可逆显色反应。实验的特点是反应原料简单易得、合成方法简便、反应时间短、产率高、实验操作安全可靠、变色现象均可以不借助仪器而裸眼直接观察、变色过程快速且灵敏。这些优势为实验项目的应用与推广提供了极大的便利。
Chromic materials are widely used in aerospace,energy and chemical industries,food,national defense,and scientific research.Viologen compounds(N-substituted 4,4’-bipyridine quaternary ammonium salts)are an important class of chromic materials that exhibit rich chromic properties under external stimuli,such as light,electricity,and temperature.This innovative fundamental chemistry experiment was designed based on scientific frontier results of viologen compounds.The o-hydroxyacetophenone substituted viologen was synthesized,and its solvatochromism,thermochromism,and reversible NH3 vapor sensor in the solid state were studied,aiming to stimulate students’curiosity and desire for exploration,cultivate students’interest in chemistry,broaden their horizons,and improve their chemistry cognition.The raw materials for this experiment are simple and easy to obtain,the synthesis method is simple,and the reaction time is short with high yield and good repeatability.All chromic phenomena are fast,highly sensitive,and can be directly observed with the naked eye,which aids the application of these experiments.
作者
赵永梅
丁益民
郭盈
王卓尔
汪汝洁
朱守荣
Yongmei Zhao;Yimin Ding;Ying Guo;Zhuoer Wang;Rujie Wang;Shourong Zhu(Department of Chemistry,College of Sciences,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)
出处
《大学化学》
CAS
2022年第5期136-142,共7页
University Chemistry
关键词
变色材料
紫精化合物
可视
氨气传感
Chromic materials
Viologen derivative
Visible
Ammonia sensor
