摘要
针对轨道车辆现有防爬器难以兼顾稳定全向防爬及大吸能阈值下高载荷效率的功能需求,提出一种基于Voronoi吸能管的新型全向防爬器,该防爬器由具有“引导-啮合”作用的全向防爬齿板及二维Voronoi异面拉伸吸能结构组成,建立基于显式动力学的吸能结构及防爬器有限元模型并进行仿真分析。研究结果表明:随胞元数和胞元规则度增大,胞元可控的Voronoi吸能管可以在一定程度上提升Voronoi吸能管的吸能效率;该新型防爬器在由水平、垂直及倾斜3个偏置参数相组合的7个工况中均能有效引导对中并稳定啮合,且随着引导偏置量的增大,防爬器所提供摆正车体的力增大。在结构耐撞性方面,由于2对撞吸能管所形成塑性铰的差异以及防爬齿板引导的共同作用,防爬器撞击时的初始峰值力明显降低;相比于理想对心碰撞,偏置的存在会提高该防爬器的吸能效率、载荷效率和初始峰值力(倾斜偏置工况除外)。
To meet the requirements of stable omnidirectional anti-climbing and high crush force efficiency(CFE)at large energy absorption threshold,a novel omnidirectional anti-climber based on Voronoi energy absorption tubes was proposed.The omnidirectional anti-climber was composed of anti-omnidirectional displacement front panel with"guiding and Engaging"function and 2D-Voronoi cross-plane stretching energy absorption structure.The finite element model of energy absorption structure and anti-climber based on explicit dynamics was established and simulated.The results show that the controllable cell Voronoi energy absorption tube can improve the energy absorption efficiency of Voronoi energy absorption tube to a certain extent with the increase of cell number and cell regularity.This novel anti-climber can guide the alignment effectively and engage stably in seven working conditions with the combination of horizontal,vertical and inclined offset parameters.With the increase of guiding offset value,the force provided by the anti-climber to adjust the train body also increases.In terms of structural crashworthiness,the initial peak force of the anti-climber decreases significantly due to the asynchronous plastic hinges formed by the two pairs of energy absorbing tubes and the combined interaction of the anti-omnidirectional displacement front panel.Compared with the ideal central collision,the offset can improve the energy absorption,crush force efficiency and initial peak force of the anti-climber(except for the inclined offset).
作者
朱宇
张乐乐
窦伟元
张海峰
ZHU Yu;ZHANG Lele;DOU Weiyuan;ZHANG Haifeng(School of Mechanical,Electronic and Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;National International Science and Technology Cooperation Base,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130062,China)
出处
《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期1813-1823,共11页
Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52172353)。
关键词
轨道车辆
Voronoi多边形
防爬器
耐撞性
防全向错位
rail vehicles
Voronoi polygons
anti-climber
crashworthiness
anti-omnidirectional displacement
