摘要
为了研究不同防车撞装置的防撞性能,针对车桥碰撞问题,提出了3种不同材料的防撞装置,建立车辆-防撞装置-桥墩有限元模型,通过了多种碰撞工况计算,研究了碰撞过程中能量的转化、撞击力的大小、防撞装置内能的吸能及撞深等,比较3种装置的防撞性能。结果表明:防撞装置的结构刚度与其撞深成反比,其中泡沫铝防撞装置结构刚度最小,泡沫铝外包橡胶混凝土防撞装置次之,橡胶混凝土防撞装置结构刚度最大,选择适当刚度的防撞装置有利于保护驾驶人的生命安全及装置的重复利用和维修;桥墩所受撞击力峰值随车辆速度增大而增大,车辆质量的增加对第一撞击力峰值的影响不明显,撞击力随偏心距的增大而减小,撞击持续时间会随偏心距增大而增大;防撞装置的塑性撞深随车辆速度、车辆质量的增大而增加,随偏心距的增大呈现先增加后减小的趋势;泡沫铝外包橡胶混凝土防撞装置综合了泡沫铝和橡胶混凝土两种材料的性能,不仅可以吸收较多的能量,而且可以产生较小的塑性撞深。无量纲化分析结果表明,如果桥梁性能对桥墩质量增加比较敏感,可以优先考虑泡沫铝装置防撞。
In order to study the anti-collision performance of different anti-collision devices,aiming at the problem of vehicle-bridge collision,3 kinds of anti-collision devices that made of different materials are proposed,the finite element model of vehicle+anti-collision device+bridge pier is established.Through calculation under a series of collision conditions,the energy conversion,collision force,energy absorption and penetration depth of the anti-collision device in the collision process are studied,and the anti-collision performance of the 3 devices is compared.The result shows that(1)the structural stiffness of the anti-collision device is inversely proportional to the penetration depth,the structural stiffness of the foam aluminum anti-collision device is the smallest,that of the foam aluminum covered rubber concrete anti-collision device is the second,and the rubber concrete anti-collision device has the largest structural stiffness,indicating that choosing the anti-collision device with appropriate stiffness is conducive to protecting the driver’s life safety and the reuse and maintenance of the device;(2)the peak value of impact force on the pier increases with the increase of vehicle speed,the increase of vehicle mass has no obvious influence on the first peak impact force,and the impact force decreases with the increase of eccentricity,while the impact duration increases with the increase of eccentricity;(3)the plastic penetration depth of the anti-collision device increases with the increase of vehicle speed and mass,and shows a trend of first increase and then decrease with the increase of eccentricity;(4)foamed aluminum covered rubber concrete anti-collision device combines the properties of aluminum foam and rubber concrete,which not only absorbs more energy,but also produces smaller plastic penetration depth.The result of the dimensionless analysis shows that if the bridge performance is sensitive to the increased mass of the piers,the foam aluminum anti-collision device can be prioritized.
作者
王向阳
张林凯
WANG Xiang-yang;ZHANG Lin-kai(School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan Hubei 430063,China;CITIC General Institute of Architectural Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan Hubei 430014,China)
出处
《公路交通科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第4期63-73,共11页
Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51178361)
湖北省自然科学基金项目(2013CFB342)。
关键词
桥梁工程
防撞装置
数值模拟
圆柱桥墩
动力响应
bridge engineering
anti-collision device
numerical simulation
cylinder pier
dynamic response
