摘要
为探索利用棉花杂种优势获得高产的光合生理机制,本研究比较了高产杂交棉‘冀1518’及其亲本在开花后不同时期棉铃对位叶的主要光合指标和相关基因表达差异。结果表明:‘冀1518’在产量及产量构成、结铃率和有效叶面积等方面表现出1.25%~21.16%的超亲优势;棉铃对位叶的净光合速率Pn与气孔导度Gs、蒸腾速率Tr、叶绿素含量SPAD、羧化效率CE均呈极显著正相关,并主要表现为正向杂种优势;超氧化物歧化酶SOD和过氧化物酶POD活性主要表现为正向优势,丙二醛MDA含量主要为负向优势;光合类基因RbcL在各时期表现出超亲优势,RbcS呈超亲优势或中亲的杂种优势,RCA在30DPA~40DPA表现出超亲优势。综上,在杂合基因调控下,光合相关基因保持相对较高表达,叶片光合能力强,减缓衰老,从而表现出产量杂种优势。
It is of great significance to investigate the photosynthesis mechanism of cotton heterosis in high-yield hybrids. This study compared the main photosynthetic indexes and expression of photosynthesis related genes in the high-yield hybrid cotton ’Ji1518’ and its parents at different stages. The results demonstrated that ’Ji1518’ showed over-parent heterosis in 1.25%-21.16% increase of yield and yield components, boll setting rate and effective leaf area. Net photosynthetic rate(Pn) of subtending leaf of boll was significantly positively correlated with stomatal conductance(Gs), transpiration rate(Tr), chlorophyll content(SPAD) and carboxylation efficiency(CE), which mainly showed positive heterosis. Positive heterosis was also found in activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase.While negative heterosis was identified in the content of malondialdehyde. The expression of photosynthetic gene RbcL showed superiority in ’Ji1518’ at each stage, and RbcS expression showed over-parent or middle-parent heterosis. RCA expression displayed heterosis at 30 DPA-40 DPA. Under the regulation of heterozygous genes, leaf photosynthetic ability was enhanced due to the higher expression of photosynthetic related genes, resulting in slow senescence and heterosis in yield of hybrid cotton F;. This study provided a basis for using heterosis in breeding of high-yield hybrid cotton.
作者
唐丽媛
李兴河
王海涛
张素君
蔡肖
刘存敬
张建宏
TANG Liyuan;LI Xinghe;WANG Haitao;ZHANG Sujun;CAI Xiao;LIU Cunjing;ZHANG Jianhong(Institute of Cotton,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Genetic Breeding in Huanghuaihai Semiarid Area,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Cotton Improvement Center Hebei Branch,Shijiazhuang 050051,China)
出处
《河北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期16-24,共9页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0101415)
河北省农林科学院创新工程项目(2022KJCXZX-MHS-1)。
关键词
高产
杂种优势
光合性能
对位叶
基因
high yield
heterosis
photosynthesis characteristics
subtending leaf of cotton boll
gene
