摘要
人口老龄化导致的劳动力成本上涨和经济潜在增速下降,是社会经济发展到一定程度和人口再生产规律共同作用的必然结果。采用第七次全国人口普查数据和青岛市相关统计数据,研究青岛市人口老龄化特征,对青岛市2025年和2030年的人口老龄化指标进行预测和比较分析。研究发现,青岛市存在人口老龄化趋势加剧,外来老龄人口增多,老龄人口慢性病增多等问题。青岛市应对人口老龄化面临的主要挑战为:地区和城乡差异显著,养老成本不断提高,结构性看病难,养老机制不健全,家庭养老低质低效,老年精神文化建设需求和现有基础设施建设不匹配等。建议青岛市打造国家积极应对人口老龄化示范城市,从健全养老服务和老年人医疗健康保障体系入手提高老年人社会参与感,大力培育银发经济,构建老年友好型社会。
The increase of labor cost and the decline of potential economic growth,which were caused by population aging,are the inevitable result of the joint action of social and economic development to a certain extent and the law of population reproduction.Based on the data of the Seventh National Population Census and the statistical data of Qingdao,this paper studies the characteristics of population aging in Qingdao,and makes a prediction and comparative analysis of population aging indexes in 2025-2030.It is found that the trend of population aging in Qingdao is increasing,the number of elderly people from other areas is increasing,and the number of the elderly people with chronic diseases is increasing.The main challenges for Qingdao to deal with population aging include:the significant gaps between different regions and between urban and rural areas;the increasing of pension costs;the structural problem of hospital healthcare;the flawed pension mechanism;the low quality and efficiency of family pensions;the mismatch of the spiritual and cultural construction with the need of the elderly and the existing infrastructure construction.It is suggested that Qingdao should be built into a national demonstration city to actively respond to the aging of population,improve the sense of social participation of the elderly,vigorously cultivate the silver-haired economy,and build an aging-people-friendly society by perfecting the pension service and medical and health security system for the elderly.
作者
姜铭
倪立群
JIANG Ming;NI Li-qun(College of Economics and Management,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266061,China)
出处
《青岛科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2022年第1期30-35,84,共7页
Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)
基金
山东省社科规划研究项目(18CSJJ37)
青岛市社科规划项目(QDSKL150734)。
关键词
人口老龄化
人口红利
应对建议
population aging
demographic dividend
suggestions
