摘要
为揭示田面水的氮素浓度动态特征并探讨其快速检测方法,于2018年水稻生育期对稻田田面水的氮素浓度、常规水质参数进行原位监测。结果表明,水稻生育期内,人工栽秧稻田田面水的TN和NH_(4)^(+)-N浓度在施基肥后1周分别迅速降至4.03 mg/L和3.02 mg/L,至下次施肥前变化趋于平稳,TN和NH_(4)^(+)-N在追肥后2 d到达峰值,1周左右趋于平稳,机插秧稻田田面水的氮素动态特征与人工栽秧基本一致。基肥期田面水的TN和NH_(4)^(+)-N从峰值随时间的衰减趋势近似符合指数衰减规律,人工栽秧和机插秧稻田田面水的TN浓度在基肥期峰值出现后2周内衰减幅度分别为62%和72%,NH_(4)^(+)-N的衰减幅度分别为80%和83%。以DO、EC、pH、ORP为自变量,TN为因变量,得到了多元线性回归模型,为服务于稻田田面水氮素流失风险的监测和管理,按照GB 18918—2002中TN的限值15 mg/L(一级A标准)和GB 3838—2002中TN的限值2 mg/L(Ⅴ类)对TN的排放进行分级,得到模型预测的准确率为80%,基本满足水环境管理的需求。
In order to reveal the dynamic variation of nitrogen concentration in field water and explore its rapid detection methods,insitu monitoring of nitrogen concentration in paddy field surface water and conventional water quality parameters were carried out during the rice growth period in 2018.The results showed that during the growth period of rice,the TN and NH_(4)^(+)-N concentrations in the sur⁃face water of artificially planted rice fields dropped rapidly to 4.03 mg/L and 3.02 mg/L,respectively,one week after basal fertilizer application,and the changes became stable before the next fertilization.And TN and NH_(4)^(+)-N reached the peak 2 days after topdress⁃ing,and stabilized in about 1 week.The nitrogen dynamic characteristics of the machine-transplanted rice field surface water were ba⁃sically the same as those of artificial planting.The TN and NH_(4)^(+)-N of the field surface water at the basal fertilizer period decreased from the peak value,which was approximately in line with the exponential decay law.The TN concentration of the artificially planted and machine-transplanted paddy fields in the two weeks after the peak of the basal fertilizer period attenuated 62%and 72%,respec⁃tively,and the attenuation amplitudes of NH_(4)^(+)-N were 80%and 83%,respectively.With DO,EC,pH,ORP as the independent vari⁃ables,and TN as the dependent variable,a multiple linear regression model was obtained.TN emissions were classified by the TN lim⁃it of 15 mg/L(Class A standard)in GB 18918—2002 and the TN limit of 2 mg/L(Class V)in GB 3838—2002.The accuracy of the model prediction was 80%,which could basically meet the needs of water environment management.
作者
汪婳
沈王政
程子珍
张亮
庄艳华
张富林
范先鹏
WANG Hua;SHEN Wang-zheng;CHEN Zi-zhen;ZHANG Liang;ZHUANG Yan-hua;ZHANG Fu-lin;FAN Xian-peng(Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Evaluation,Wuhan 430077,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Qianjiang Agricultural Environment and Cultivated Land Conservation Scientific Observation and Experiment Station,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430064,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2022年第10期56-63,共8页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0800500)
湖北省技术创新专项(2018ACA148,2018ABA097)
湖北省农业科技创新中心项目(2016-620-000-001-019)。
关键词
稻田田面水
氮素
动态变化
快速检测
surface water of paddy field
nitrogen
dynamic variation
rapid detection
