摘要
目的探讨影响婴幼儿反复喘息的相关危险因素,并提出针对性的预防策略和措施。方法选取2019—2020年绍兴市柯桥区妇幼保健院收治的316例喘息患儿进行调查,依据喘息次数是否≥3次,将其分为反复喘息组(90例)与对照组(226例);比较两组间的性别、年龄、分娩方式、早产、母乳喂养、哮喘家族史、家族过敏史、药物过敏史、过敏性鼻炎、食物过敏、湿疹、反复呼吸道感染、饲养宠物、被动吸烟、病毒感染、支原体感染、未补充维生素AD、总IgE阳性、牛奶蛋白sIgE、鸡蛋蛋白sIgE等因素的差异性;采用逐步logistic回归法对影响婴幼儿反复喘息的危险因素进行筛查。结果316例喘息婴幼儿的反复喘息发生率为28.48%(90/316),多数为支气管哮喘;两组间分娩方式、早产、母乳喂养、哮喘家族史、家族过敏史、过敏性鼻炎、食物过敏、湿疹、反复呼吸道感染、被动吸烟、病毒感染、未补充维生素AD、总IgE阳性、牛奶蛋白sIgE等因素的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示:影响婴幼儿反复喘息的危险因素包括哮喘家族史(OR=2.552)、过敏性鼻炎(OR=3.600)、湿疹(OR=3.019)、反复呼吸道感染(OR=4.166)、病毒感染(OR=3.547)、未补充维生素AD(OR=5.302)、总IgE阳性(OR=4.554)、牛奶蛋白sIgE(OR=2.392)等。结论喘息婴幼儿具有较高的反复喘息发生率,尤其是支气管哮喘患儿;应根据以上高危因素,进行积极预防和治疗,降低反复喘息发生率,阻止或延缓病情进展。
Objective To explore the related risk factors affecting recurrent wheezing in infants and put forward targeted prevention strategies and measures.Methods A total of 316 children with wheezing admitted to Shaoxing Keqiao District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from 2019 to 2020 were selected and divided into the recurrent wheezing group(n=90)and the control group(n=226)according to whether the number of wheezing was≥3.The differences in gender,age,mode of delivery,premature delivery,breastfeeding,family history of asthma,family history of allergy,history of drug allergy,allergic rhinitis,food allergy,eczema,recurrent respiratory tract infection,pet ownership,passive smoking,viral infection,mycoplasma infection,no vitamin AD supplementation,positive total IgE,milk protein sIgE,and egg white sIgE were compared between the two groups.Stepwise logistic regression was used to screen the risk factors affecting recurrent wheezing in infants.Results The incidence of recurrent wheezing in 316 wheezing infants was 28.48%(90/316),most of which were bronchial asthma.There were significant differences in delivery mode,premature delivery,breastfeeding,family history of asthma,family history of allergy,allergic rhinitis,food allergy,eczema,recurrent respiratory tract infection,passive smoking,viral infection,no vitamin AD supplementation,positive total IgE,and milk protein sIgE between the two groups(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis results showed that the risk factors affecting recurrent wheezing in infants included family history of asthma(OR=2.552),allergic rhinitis(OR=3.600),eczema(OR=3.019),recurrent respiratory tract infection(OR=4.166),viral infection(OR=3.547),no vitamin AD supplementation(OR=5.302),positive total IgE(OR=4.554),and milk protein sIgE(OR=2.392).Conclusion Wheezing infants have a high incidence of recurrent wheezing,especially those with bronchial asthma.Active prevention and treatment should be performed according to the above factors to reduce the incidence of recurrent wheezing and prevent or del
作者
金国萍
张传新
JIN Guoping;ZHANG Chuanxin(Department of Emergency,Shaoxing Keqiao District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Shaoxing 312030,China)
出处
《中国现代医生》
2022年第14期51-54,61,共5页
China Modern Doctor
基金
浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2019KY732)。
关键词
婴幼儿
喘息
反复喘息
支气管哮喘
危险因素
Infants
Wheezing
Recurrent wheezing
Bronchial asthma
Risk factors
