摘要
【目的】分析近60年广西甘蔗不同生育期的干旱时空特征,为广西甘蔗防旱避灾生产提供科学依据。【方法】利用广西甘蔗发育期、土壤资料和气象数据,在重点考虑降水有效性和作物系数动态变化特征的基础上,基于作物水分亏缺指数,采用线性和周期的时序分析法及空间站点技术进行甘蔗生育期内干旱的时空变化特征分析。【结果】年际干旱发生率在甘蔗工艺成熟期最高,茎伸长期次之,苗期和分蘖期较低,其中,苗期、分蘖期和茎伸长期的干旱以轻旱和中旱为主,工艺成熟期以重旱和特旱为主,研究时段内各等级年际干旱发生率无明显的线性变化趋势,但有2~5年尺度的周期变化,发生年份以20世纪70年代和80年代为主。在空间分布上,苗期的轻旱和中旱主要分布在桂西和桂南,轻旱发生频率在40%以下,中旱发生频率在30%以下,重旱发生频率低于10%且分布范围较小;分蘖期的轻旱在全区各地均有发生,其中,桂西南发生频率最高,普遍在21%~40%,中旱主要分布在桂西南,发生频率低于10%,重旱发生频率低于10%且范围较小;茎伸长期的轻旱在全区均有分布,发生频率在11%~70%,其中,中旱主要分布在桂东北,发生频率在21%~60%,重旱主要分布在桂东北,发生频率在20%以下;苗期、分蘖期和茎伸长期无特旱发生;工艺成熟期的轻旱、中旱、重旱和特旱在全区均有分布,其中,轻旱发生频率在30%以下,中旱和重旱发生频率在40%以下,特旱发生频率最高、分布最广,发生频率较高区域主要分布在桂中、桂南和桂东,发生频率达31%~50%。【结论】广西甘蔗发育过程中苗期、分蘖期和茎伸长期的干旱以轻旱和中旱为主,工艺成熟期以重旱和特旱为主,桂中、桂南和桂东等区域甘蔗工艺成熟期的重旱、特旱每2~3年一遇,是干旱防灾避灾的重点关注区域。
【Objective】The present paper aimed to provide a scientific reference for drought prevention and disaster avoidance of sugarcane production,the temporal and spatial characteristics of sugarcane drought in different growth period in Guangxi were analyzed in recent 60 years.【Method】Firstly the development period of sugarcane,soil data and meteorological data from 1961 to 2020 in Guangxi were collected for the study.Under major concentration for effectiveness of precipitation and dynamic change characteristics of crop coefficient,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of sugarcane drought in growth period were analyzed by linear and periodic analysis method and spatial station technology basing on crop water deficit index.【Result】The interannual drought incidence was the highest in maturity stage,followed by stem elongation stage,and the least in seedling stage and in tillering stage.Light and medium drought are mainly in seedling stage,tillering stage and stem elongation stage.Heavy and extreme drought are mainly in maturity stage.During the study period,there was no obvious linear change trend in the interannual drought incidence at all levels and with a periodic change on the scale of 2-5 years.The years of occurrence were mainly in 1970 s and 1980 s.In terms of spatial distribution,in the seedling stage light drought and medium drought were mainly distributed in the west and south of Guangxi.The occurrence frequency of light drought was less than 40%.The occurrence frequency of medium drought was less than 30%.The occurrence frequency of heavy drought was less than 10%and its distribution range was small.In the tillering stage,light drought occurred in all over the region.The occurrence frequency in the southwest of Guangxi was the highest,generally between 21%and 40%.Medium drought was mainly distributed in the southwest of Guangxi and the occurrence frequency was less than 10%.The occurrence frequency of severe drought was less than 10%and its distribution range was small.In the stem elo
作者
黄维
姚裕群
段居琦
刘永裕
吴炫柯
韦剑锋
HUANG Wei;YAO Yu-qun;DUAN Ju-qi;LIU Yong-yu;WU Xuan-ke;WEI Jian-feng(Liuzhou Agrometeorological Experimental Station,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545003,China;Liuzhou Meteorological Bureau,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545001,China;Guangxi University of Science and Technology,Liuzhou,Guangxi 545005,China;Laboratory for Climate Studies,National Climate Center,CMA,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期1193-1201,共9页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31860593)
广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFAA159028,2020GXNSFAA297015,2018GXNSFAA281001)
柳州市科技计划项目(2020PAAA0602)。
关键词
甘蔗
干旱
降水量
作物系数
作物水分亏缺指数
广西
Sugarcane
Drought
Precipitation
Crop coefficient
Crop water deficit index
Guangxi
