摘要
目的:了解英德市活禽交易市场外环境禽流感病毒污染状况,为减少人感染禽流感的传播流行提供决策依据。方法:于2016—2020年监测期内采集活禽市场笼具表面擦拭物及粪便等环境标本,采用实时荧光RT-PCR法检测标本中甲型通用流感病毒核酸,阳性标本再进一步检测H5、H7和H9亚型核酸。采用Excel 2007进行数据录入,采用SPSS 20.0软件进行数据分析。结果:2016—2020年共采集标本300份,禽流感病毒总阳性率为26.67%。不同年份阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=27.480,P<0.01);市内家禽规模养殖场来源的涉禽环境标本禽流感病毒核酸阳性检出率最高,达40.00%,不同来源地的涉禽环境标本阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.263,P>0.05);检出H7型阳性样本5份,检出率为3.57%,砧板表面擦拭标本占60.00%。结论:应加强英德市禽类交易的建档造册,完善溯源机制并增设关口前移的外环境监测点,完善市场准入及管理制度,强化人群健康教育,规范行业职业操守和人群监测工作,降低人感染禽流感的风险。
OBJECTIVE To understand the situation of avian influenza virus contamination in external environment of Yingde live poultry markets, and to provide decision-making for reducing the spread of avian influenza. METHODS Environmental samples such as surface swabs of poultry cages and feces of poultry, which were collected from live poultry markets in Yingde from 2016 to2020. Real-time fluorescent RT-PCR was used to detect nucleic acid of influenza A virus in the samples. The positive samples were then tested for nucleic acid of H5, H7 and H9 subtypes of avian influenza virus. Excel 2007 were used to input data, and SPSS 20.0software were used to perform the statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 300 external environmental samples were collected from2016 to 2020, in which the total positive rate of AIV was 26.67%. The difference of positive rate in different years was statistically significant( χ^(2)=27.480, P<0.01). The highest positive rate of avian influenza virus nucleic acid was 40.00% in large-scale poultry farms in the city. There was no significant difference in the positive rate among different poultry sources( χ^(2)=4.263, P>0.05).There were 5 H7 positive samples, and the detection rate was 3.57%, of which poultry chopping board swabs occupied 60.00%. CONCLUSION In order to reduce the risk of human infection with avian influenza, it should strengthen the documentation of poultry trade, improve the traceability mechanism, set up the external environment monitoring points, and improve the market access and management system as well. In addition, the crowd health education needed to be strengthened and the professional ethics and crowd monitoring should be standardized in Yingde.
作者
黎伟全
蓝秋欣
LI Wei-quan;LAN Qiu-xin(Disease Control and Prevention Center of Yingde,Qingyuan,Guangdong,513000,China)
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2022年第5期107-109,共3页
Chinese Primary Health Care
关键词
禽流感病毒
外环境
监测
溯源
avian influenza virus
environmental samples
monitor
trace
