摘要
为提高无核抗病、优质葡萄新种质的选育效率,以无核欧洲葡萄品种作母本,中国野生刺葡萄‘塘尾’‘、雪峰’、山葡萄‘双优’及欧山杂交品种‘北醇’做父本,利用胚挽救技术对取样时间和培养基进行优化;用分子标记筛选后代的无核与抗病性状。结果表明:(1)15个杂交组合中共获得杂交果实13341个,接种幼胚珠8589枚,幼胚发育胚1338枚,平均胚发育率15.59%,正常成苗234株,平均成苗率2.73%‘,红宝石无核’ב塘尾’组合胚挽救效果最好,胚发育率为40.17%、成苗率7.76%和成苗植株数178株。(2)‘火焰无核’×北醇’授粉后42天取样,胚发育率(11.37%)和萌发率(3.52%)为最高‘。京可晶’ב北醇’授粉后38天取样,胚发育率(4.3%)和萌发率(1.08%)为最高。(3)以MM3为基础培养基,外源添加3 mmol/L的腐胺‘,红宝石无核’ב塘尾’获得胚发育率(55.83%)和成苗率(20%)为最高。(4)4个自然授粉的品种(‘昆香无核’‘、美丽无核’‘、红宝石无核’‘、赫什无核’),其胚珠在E20A培养基中更有利于幼胚发育率提升。(5)使用葡萄无核标记SCF27-2000和GSLP1-569、抗霜霉病标记S294-369和S382-615及抗白粉病标记OPY13-661进行筛选,杂种后代中有16株同时携带无核且抗霜霉病与抗白粉病特异性条带。该试验为无核葡萄抗病育种提供了新材料,将为进一步开展中国野生葡萄育种相关研究奠定基础。
The aim of this study is to improve the breeding efficiency of new seedless grape germplasm with disease resistance and high quality,and lay a foundation for further research on Chinese wild grape germplasms.The seedless European grape varieties were used as the female parent,while the Chinese wild grape germplasms‘Tangwei’,‘Xuefeng’,Vitis amurensis Rupr.Cv‘Shuangyou’,and‘Beichun’(Vitis vinifera L.×Vitis amurensis Rupr.)were used as the male parent.The sampling time and culture medium were optimized using embryo rescue techniques,and the progeny were screened for seedless and disease-resistant traits using molecular markers.The results showed that:(1)a total of 13,341 hybrid berries were obtained from15 hybrid combinations,among which 8,589 young ovules were inoculated,and 1,338 young embryos were developed,with an average embryo development rate of 15.59%;234 normal seedlings were established,with an average seedling establishment rate of 2.73%;the combination of‘Ruby Seedless’בTangwei’had the best embryo rescue effect with 40.17%embryo development rate,7.76%seedling establishment rate and 178obtained plants;(2)at 42 d after pollination,the development rate and germination rate for hybrid embryos of‘Flame Seedless’בBeichun’reached the peak,which were 11.37%and 3.52%,respectively;furthermore,at38 d after pollination,the development rate and germination rate for hybrid embryos of‘Jingkejing’בBeichun’reached the highest level,which were 4.3%and 1.08%,respectively;(3)the hybrid ovules of‘Ruby Seedless’בTangwei’were cultured on MM3 medium with exogenous addition of 3 mmol/L putrescine,the embryo development rate and seedling establishment rate achieved the peak level,which were 55.83%and 20%,respectively;(4)the ovules of the four naturally pollinated varieties‘Ruby Seedless’,‘Beauty Seedless’,‘Kunxiang Seedless’and‘Heshi Seedless’were cultured in different embryos development media,and the E20A medium was more conducive to improve the developmen
作者
刘可可
李莎莎
骆强伟
徐炎
王跃进
LIU Keke;LI Shasha;LUO Qiangwei;XU Yan;WANG Yuejin(College of Horticulture,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas,Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Germplasm Resource Utilization in Northwest China,Ministry of Agriculture,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;Development and Research Centre of Grapes and Melons of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Shanshan,Xinjiang 838200)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2022年第11期22-29,共8页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“中国野生毛葡萄特有芪合成酶基因抗白粉病机理研究”(31872055)
国家葡萄产业技术体系建设专项基金“无核材料种质创制”(CARS-29-yc-3)。
关键词
葡萄
无核
抗病性
胚挽救
分子标记辅助选择
grape
seedless
disease resistance
embryo rescue
molecular marker assisted selection
