摘要
【目的】夏至草Lagopsis supine药用价值高及花期长,且广泛分布于我国华北、东北、西南和西北等地区。果园种植夏至草可以增加天敌昆虫对靶标害虫的防控效果,但具体增效控害机理尚未明确。通过研究夏至草花对天敌昆虫的存活时间以及捕食(寄生)能力影响,以明确夏至草对天敌昆虫作用的生态作用机制。【方法】本文选取果园生态系统中常见的捕食性天敌东亚小花蝽Orius sauteri和寄生性天敌松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimi,室内分别设置5朵和20朵夏至草花处理,以未用夏至草花为对照,分析不同数量的夏至草花朵对两种天敌昆虫成虫寿命、产卵量以及捕食和寄生能力的影响。【结果】与对照相比,20朵夏至草花处理可以显著延长东亚小花蝽成虫的寿命(t=2.79,df=66.063,P=0.001),并显著提高产卵量(F2,14=5.14,P=0.024),但对东亚小花蝽捕食量无显著影响(t=1.28,df=5.554,P=0.155);5朵和20朵夏至草花处理的松毛虫赤眼蜂成虫存活时间均显著高于对照组(t=2.31,df=68.052,P=0.014;t=4.09,df=57.667,P=0.006)。同时,20朵夏至草花处理还可以显著提高松毛虫赤眼蜂的寄生量(F2,14=4.69,P=0.03),平均寄生量为59.4粒/雌。【结论】果园种植夏至草涵养天敌昆虫,延长天敌昆虫成虫寿命增加捕食和寄生时间,提升捕食性天敌产卵量和寄生性天敌的寄生能力,促进了天敌对害虫的抑制作用。
[Objectives]Lagopsis supine has high medicinal value,a long flowering period and a wide distribution in northern,northeast,southwest and northwest China.In orchards,L.supine can increase the control exerted by natural enemy insects on target pests.However,the specific mechanism responsible for this effect has not yet been clarified.We investigated the effect of L.supine flowers on the survival time and predatory(or parasitic)ability of natural enemy insects to see if this might explain the ecological effect of this plant.[Methods]We selected Orius sauteri and Trichogramma dendrolimi,a predatory and parasitic insect,respectively,both of which are common in orchard ecosystems.The treatment groups were either 5 or 20 L.supine flowers and flowers without the two study species were the control group.The lifespan and predation(or parasitic)ability of the two natural enemy insects were quantitatively assessed in the laboratory.[Results]Compared with the control,the 20-flower treatment significantly prolonged the lifespan of O.sauteri,(t=2.79,df=66.063,P=0.001)and significantly(F2,14=5.14,P=0.024)increased the number of eggs laid by this species.However,there was no significant effect on predation ability(t=1.28,df=5.554,P=0.155).With respect to T.dendrolimi,both the five and 20 flower treatments,significantly prolonged the lifespan of this parasitic wasp(t=2.31,df=68.052,P=0.014;t=4.09,df=57.667,P=0.006).In addition,the parasitic ability of T.dendrolimi was significantly higher(F2,14=4.69,P=0.03)in the 20-flower treatment group,with an average parasitism rate of 63.33 eggs per female.[Conclusion]L.supine in orchards conserves natural enemy insects and enhances the control they exert on pests.The underlying mechanism appears to be the prolongation of the lifespan of predatory and parasitic insects,thereby increasing the duration of predation or parasitism.L.supine may also improve egg production or parasitic ability.
作者
吴长兵
刘飞宇
刘俊秀
邸宁
王甦
金振宇
徐庆宣
WU Chang-Bing;LIU Fei-Yu;LIU Jun-Xiu;DI Ning;WANG Su;JIN Zhen-Yu;XU Qing-Xuan(Hubei Engineering Research Center for Pest Forewarning and Management,College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434023,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)
出处
《应用昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期303-310,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology
关键词
夏至草
生草
功能植物
东亚小花蝽
松毛虫赤眼蜂
Lagopsis supine
grass growing
functional plant
Orius sauteri
Trichogramma dendrolimi
