摘要
文章借鉴人口密度的概念,构建人力资本密度变量,并将其分解为地理空间密度和人口结构密度两个指标,建构知识生产函数,使用我国2003—2019年的省级面板数据,探讨了人力资本密度对经济增长的影响。研究发现:(1)整体来看,人力资本密度显著促进了经济增长,人力资本地理空间密度每提高1%,人均产出将提高0.07%;人力资本人口结构密度每提高1%,人均产出将提高0.45%。(2)分地区计量结果表明,在东部地区,人力资本密度两个维度都对经济增长具有显著积极影响;但在西部地区,这两种效应的影响都不显著;在中部地区,人力资本地理空间密度对经济增长具有显著抑制影响,而人口结构密度则发挥了明显的促进作用。上述研究结论的政策含义是:应继续扩大教育规模,提升教育质量,通过教育这一“内生型路径”提高人力资本密度;完善劳动力市场制度,鼓励人才合理流动,通过人才转移的“外生型路径”加快提升地区人力资本密度;充分发挥各地的特色优势,提升区域优势对专业人才的吸引力。
Based on the concept of population density, this paper constructs the variable of human capital density, decomposes it into two indicators: geospatial density and population structure density, constructs the knowledge production function, and discusses the impact of human capital density on economic growth by using China’s provincial panel data from 2003 to 2019. The results show that:(1) on the whole, human capital density significantly promote economic growth.For every 1% increase in human capital geospatial density, economic growth will increase by 0.07%;When the density of human capital population structure increases by 1%, economic growth will increase by 0.45%.(2) The results of regional measurement show that in the eastern region, the two dimensions of human capital density have a significant positive impact on economic growth;But in the western region, the impact of these two effects is not significant;In the central region, the geographical spatial density of human capital has a significant inhibitory effect on economic growth, while the density of population structure plays an obvious role in promoting economic growth.The policy implications of the above research conclusions are: continue to expand the scale of education, improve the quality of education, and improve the density of human capital through the “endogenous path” of education;Improve the labor market system, encourage the rational flow of talents, and accelerate the increase of regional human capital density through the “exogenous path” of talent transfer;Give full play to the local characteristic advantages and enhance the attraction of regional advantages to professionals.
作者
张爱芹
ZHANG Ai-qin(Ideological and Political Work Team Training and Research Center,Beijing Normal University)
出处
《教育经济评论》
CSSCI
2022年第2期3-19,共17页
China Economics of Education Review
基金
2021年度北京师范大学大学生思想政治教育课题重点项目“新时代高校精准就业工作提升路径研究”(BNUSZ2021ZD01)。
关键词
人力资本
人力资本密度
经济增长
集聚
human capital
human capital density
economic growth
agglomeration
