摘要
雪莲果中主要含有酚酸、黄酮、倍半萜内酯、低聚果糖等化合物,在抗氧化、抗炎、降血糖、抑菌、抗癌等方面作用明显。雪莲果根茎及叶中含有大量的酚酸类化合物,主要为咖啡酸及其衍生物,该类物质使得雪莲果具有明显的抗氧化作用。同时,该类物质也可通过改善胰岛素敏感性而产生降低血糖的作用。低聚果糖在雪莲果块茎中含量丰富,可通过调节肠道菌群平衡而改善肠道功能。雪莲果叶表面的香毛簇中含有倍半萜内酯类化合物,该类物质可明显抑制癌细胞的增殖,其中uvedafolin、enhydrofolin活性较强,并且该类物质对革兰氏阳性菌具有明显的抑制作用。在结构上,环氧基团的数量的差异,与抗癌、抑菌作用的强弱有一定关联。除此之外,雪莲果中还含有挥发油、脂肪酸、甾醇、二萜、对羟基苯乙酮衍生物以及辛酮糖酸衍生物等化合物,具有抗阿尔茨海默病、保护肾脏、降血脂等药理作用。然而,目前对雪莲果中化合物的分离鉴定等方面的研究还不完善,相关药理作用仍有待深入。因此通过查阅国内外相关报道,对雪莲果中的化学成分和药理作用进行归纳总结,以期对雪莲果的综合开发利用提供参考。
Smallanthus sonchifolius,a plant resource with both medicinal and edible values,has been taken as fruit for a long history.Studies have proved that phenolic acids,flavonoids,sesquiterpene lactones,and fructooligosaccharides are the major compounds in S.sonchifolius.The extract of S.sonchifolius demonstrates noticeable antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,and anti-cancer effects,as well as the activities of lowering blood glucose level,regulating intestinal function and so on.The rhizomes and leaves of S.sonchifolius contain abundant phenolic acids,mainly caffeic acid and its derivatives,which endow S.sonchifolius with remarkable antioxidant effect.Moreover,these substances can reduce blood glucose by improving insulin sensitivity.Fructooligosaccharides are abundant in the tuber of this plant,which can improve intestinal function by regulating intestinal flora.The sesquiterpene lactones in glandular trichomes on the leaf surface can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells,among which uvedafolin and enhydrofolin have particularly strong activities.Furthermore,the sesquiterpene lactones have obvious inhibitory effect on Gram-positive bacteria.In terms of structure,the number of epoxy groups is linked to the strength of anticancer and antimicrobial effects.In addition,S.sonchifolius contains other compounds such as volatile oils,fatty acids,sterols,diterpenes,p-hydroxyacetophenone derivatives,and octulosonic acid derivatives,thereby exhibiting the pharmacological effects of treating Alzheimer’s disease,protecting kidney,and lowering blood lipids.However,the isolation and identification of the main compounds in S.sonchifolius need further exploration,and the mechanism of action remains to be studied.Here we summarized the principal chemical components and pharmacological activities of S.sonchifolius,aiming to give a clue for the comprehensive development and utilization of this plant.
作者
李姿瑶
丁小倩
王艳
王明阳
袁晓艳
LI Zi-yao;DING Xiao-qian;WANG Yan;WANG Ming-yang;YUAN Xiao-yan(School of Pharmacy,Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563099,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第11期217-226,共10页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81960707)。
关键词
雪莲果
化学成分
药理活性
研究进展
Smallanthus sonchifolius
chemical components
pharmacological activities
research progress
