摘要
企业数据保护是大数据时代全新而独立的课题,现行司法裁判对企业数据纠纷的解决并不能解答数据权属与数据利用问题,因此,企业数据权利化成为定分止争的新路径。然而,企业数据权利化面临客体范围含糊不清、利益关系交织复杂、法律属性多元衍变等障碍,有鉴于此,对企业数据权利化应当以数据价值生成机制为导向,以企业数据纠纷的裁判基准为依据,进行类型化制度设计。具体而言,可将企业数据分为数据集合与数据产品:对数据集合,其上包含人格利益、财产利益与公共利益,可设置有限财产权,主要赋予数据控制者对抗他人不当获取与利用的行为,但在权利内容、权利期限上应予以限制,以免对其他利益造成误伤;对数据产品,其上主要承载财产利益,可设置新型财产权,赋予数据控制者对数据产品控制、使用、传输和处分的权利。
Enterprise data protection is a new and independent subject in the era of big data.The current judicial judgments to resolve enterprise data disputes cannot answer the question of data ownership and data utilization.Therefore,the right of enterprise data has become a new way to settle disputes.However,the right of enterprise data faces obstacles such as ambiguity in the scope of objects,complex interweaving of interest relationships,and multiple changes in legal attributes.Given this,the right of enterprise data should be guided by the data value generation mechanism and be based on the judgment of enterprise data disputes.As a basis,carry out typified system design.Specifically,corporate data can be divided into data collections and data products:for data collections,which include personality interests,property interests,and public interests,limited property rights can be set,and data controllers are mainly empowered to resist improper acquisition and use by others,but the content of rights and the duration of rights should be restricted to avoid accidental injury to other interests;for data products,which mainly carry property interests,new types of property rights can be set up to give data controllers control,use,transmission,and disposal of data products s right.
作者
姬蕾蕾
JI Leilei(Koguan Law School,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)
出处
《法学论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期109-121,共13页
Legal Forum
基金
2018年国家社会科学基金重大项目《大数据时代个人数据保护与数据权利体系研究》(18ZDA145)的部分成果。
关键词
企业数据
裁判规则
权利化
类型化
有限财产权
enterprise data
adjudication rules
rightsization
typification
limited property rights
