摘要
利用1981—2019年5—9月新疆105个国家基本气象站日最高气温观测资料及美国国家环境预报中心和大气研究中心(National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research,NCEP/NCAR)逐日再分析资料,分析新疆区域性高温天气过程的时空变化特征及环流形势。结果表明:(1)1981—2019年新疆共出现100次区域性高温天气过程,主要发生在6—8月,其中7月最多、8月次之、6月最少;区域性高温天气过程主要出现在伊犁河谷平原地区、北疆准噶尔盆地南缘、南疆塔里木盆地及东疆平原地区。(2)进入21世纪后,新疆高温天气过程发生次数呈增加趋势,强度明显增强;过程开始时间有提前趋势,结束时间有推后趋势;过程累计日数则呈现“增加、减少、增加”的阶段性变化趋势。(3)造成新疆区域性高温天气过程的500 hPa环流形势主要分为4类,分别为伊朗副高东伸型(占54.0%)、叠加型(占32.0%)、新疆脊型(占12.0%)、西太副高西伸型(占2.0%)。
Based on the observation data of daily maximum temperature from 105 national meteorological stations in Xinjiang and the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from May to September during 1981-2019,the spatial and temporal characteristics and circulation types of regional high temperature weather processes in Xinjiang were analyzed.The results are as follows:(1) During 1981-2019,there were 100 regional high temperature weather processes in Xinjiang,concentrating in the Yili valley plain,the southern edge of Junggar basin in northern Xinjiang,Tarim basin in southern Xinjiang and the plain area in eastern Xinjiang,which mainly occurred from June to August,with the most in July,the second in August and the least in June.(2) Since the 21 st century,the number of high temperature weather processes showed an increasing trend and the intensity of the processes obviously enhanced.The start time of the processes showed an advance trend,while the end time pushed.In addition,the duration days of the processes showed a phased trend of “increase,decrease,increase”.(3) The circulation situation at 500 hPa geopotential height field causing the regional high temperature weather processes in Xinjiang could be divided into four types,namely the eastward extension of Iranian subtropical high type(accounting for 54.0%),the superposition type(accounting for 32.0%),the Xinjiang high pressure ridge type(accounting for 12.0%),and the westward extension of western Pacific subtropical high type(accounting for 2.0%).
作者
许婷婷
杨霞
周鸿奎
XU Tingting;YANG Xia;ZHOU Hongkui(Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory,Urumqi 830002,China;Xinjiang Meteorological Information Center,Urumqi 830002,China)
出处
《干旱气象》
2022年第2期212-221,共10页
Journal of Arid Meteorology
基金
第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk1300)
新疆气象科技创新发展基金指导性项目(MS202208)共同资助。
关键词
区域性高温天气过程
变化特征
强度等级
环流分型
regional high temperature weather process
change characteristics
intensity grade
circulation types
