摘要
阐明东亚四国近5年流行性感冒(流感)活动的流行病学特征,为流感防控工作的完善提供参考依据。本研究根据世界卫生组织全球流感监测和应对系统对全球流感病例进行的持续监测,包括FluNet(由WHO全球流感监测和反应系统报告)和FluID(由国家联络点报告)以及WHO区域办事处和会员国的流感报告的流行病学和病毒学数据,采用流行病学描述方法,通过时间趋势、区域地域和病原学监测对东亚流感传播区近5年流感活动的流行病学特征进行阐释总结,并选取中国、日本、蒙古国和韩国进行重点分析。2016—2020年,东亚流感传播区主要区域历年流感流行情况符合北半球温带地区流感活动规律,受新型冠状病毒肺炎(Corona Virus Disease 2019,COVID-19)大流行影响,2020年夏季至2021年,整个东亚流感传播区流感活动几乎消失,仅在中国和朝鲜有零星报告。目前流感活动仍然很低,并在2021年底达到峰值后有所下降。虽然流感活动仍然很低,但流感疫情随时都会重新暴发,要为流感和新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的共同传播做好准备。需要加强综合监测,同时监测流感和SARS-CoV-2,并加强流感疫苗接种,以预防与流感相关的严重疾病和住院治疗。临床医生在鉴别诊断中应考虑流感,特别是对于流感高危人群,并根据国家指导进行检测和治疗。
This paper clarifies the epidemiological characteristics of influenza activities in four countries of East Asia in the past five years and provides reference for the improvement of influenza prevention and control.Epidemiological and virology data were obtained from the ongoing surveillance of influenza activities worldwide by the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System(GISRS),including FluNet(reported by the WHO GISRS),FluID(epidemiological data reported by national contact points)and influenza reports from WHO Regional Offices and Member States.The epidemiological description method was conducted for influenza activity in the past five years in the four East Asian countries were explained and summarized by time trend,regional region and pathogen monitoring,and China,Japan,Mongolia and South Korea were selected for key analysis.From 2016 to 2020,the influenza epidemic situation in the main areas of the East Asian influenza transmission region conformed to the influenza activity pattern in the temperate region of the Northern Hemisphere,and was affected by COVID-19,from summer 2020 to 2021,influenza activity almost disappeared in the entire East Asian influenza transmission zone except for North Korea,with sporadic reports in China and North Korea.Currently,influenza activity remains low and declines after peaking at the end of 2021.While Influenza activity remained low,the Influenza outbreaks would re-emerge at any time.With the increasing detections of influenza during COVID-19,countries are recommended to prepare for co-transmission of influenza and SARS-CoV-2.They are encouraged to enhance comprehensive surveillance to monitor influenza and SARS-CoV-2 at the same time,and step-up the influenza vaccination to prevent severe disease and hospitalizations associated with influenza.Clinicians should consider influenza in differential diagnosis,especially for high-risk groups for influenza,and use national guidelines for testing and treatment.
作者
王丽洁
孙晓东
田睿
肖利力
刘翌
凌岚
孙忆萱
WANG Li-Jie;SUN Xiao-Dong;TIAN Rui;XIAO Li-Li;LIU Yi;LING Lan;SUN Yi-Xuan(Beijing Customs District,Beijing 100026;General Administration of Customs(Beijing)International Travel Health Care Center,Beijing 100013)
出处
《中国口岸科学技术》
2022年第3期14-22,共9页
China Port Science and Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划(2021YFF0306005)
国家重点研发计划(2019YFF0302501)。
关键词
流感
监测
流行病学特征
influenza
surveillance
epidemiological characteristics
