摘要
大气道内肿瘤是指病灶位于气管及二级主支气管内的肿瘤,分为继发性和原发性。原发性肿瘤于临床多见,且主要以中央型为主;继发性为食道癌、股滑膜肉瘤、气管肿瘤等转移所致,具有隐匿性特征,临床发现较晚,一经发现则晚期较多,错失了接受外科手术治疗的最佳时机。针对大气道肿瘤也可采用药物治疗手段,但大多情况下效果不理想。支气管镜介入治疗主要是指通过支气管镜的引导配合冷冻、高频电刀、氩气刀、气管支架等设施开通大气道,再进行近距离放疗、药物治疗,及时缓解患者呼吸困难,为一种见效快、微创的治疗方式,是目前国际上公认的治疗快速、效果安全的中晚期中央型肺癌的治疗方法。近年来,支气管镜介入在大气道内肿瘤治疗中取得了良好的效果。本文从支气管镜介入治疗的临床效果、操作安全性、可能出现的不良反应等多个方面,对支气管镜介入治疗大气道内肿瘤的研究进展进行综述,以期为临床实践与大气道内肿瘤治疗提供参考方案。
Large-airway tumor refers to the tumor located in the trachea and secondary main bronchus,which can be divided into secondary and primary.Primary tumor is more common in clinic,and is mainly of the central type;secondary tumor is caused by the metastasis of esophageal cancer,femoral synovial sarcoma,tracheal tumor and other metastasis,with hidden characteristics.So its clinical discovery is later,and once found,it is more advanced,which misses the best opportunity for surgical treatment.Drug therapy can also be used for large-airway tumors,but the effect is not ideal in most cases.Bronchoscopic interventional therapy mainly refers to the opening of large airway through the guidance of bronchoscope combined with freezing,high-frequency electric knife,argon knife,tracheal stent and other facilities,and then giving short-range radiotherapy and drug treatment to alleviate patients’dyspnea in time.It is an effective and minimally invasive treatment method.It is currently recognized internationally as a rapid,effective and safe of middle and late stage central lung cancer.In recent years,bronchoscopic intervention has achieved good results in the treatment of large airway tumors.This paper reviews the research progress of bronchoscopic intervention in the treatment of large airway tumors from the aspects of clinical effect,operation safety and possible-adverse reactions,in order to provide a reference scheme for clinical practice and the treatment of large-airway tumors.
作者
杨文慧
YANG Wen-hui(Department of Respiratory Medicine,Tianjin Port Hospital,Tianjin 300456,China)
出处
《中国城乡企业卫生》
2022年第3期41-43,共3页
Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene
关键词
支气管镜
大气道肿瘤
介入治疗
研究进展
Bronchoscope
Large-airway tumor
Interventional therapy
Research progress
