摘要
医疗史的发展为唐代妇女研究带来新的理论,人生史的热议促使学者关注古代女性个体生命历程,多学科的交叉会聚使唐代女性医疗、疾病研究成为21世纪以来具有国际影响力的新热点。海内外学界共同聚焦唐代墓志资料,积极还原妇女生育与死亡的经历。墓志与中医古籍的运用是该领域发展的关键,两者在文本书写上都存在社会性别框架的限制,需要遵循对应资料的基本使用规律,细致甄别男性的“他者”视角与女性群体的实际状况,探索与总结符合中国古代史实的理论;不能把唐代妇女史“孤立”于整体历史之外,更不可套用西方理论,忽视中国古代自身的发展特征。本文以柳宗元所撰崔蹈规墓志为例,采用多学科融合的方法复原崔蹈规生育—患病—死亡的过程,重新审视唐代社会阶层与医疗资源分配,强调在整体史观下构建我们自己的女性/性别史研究体系。
With the development of medical history,new theories have been introduced to studies of women in the Tang Dynasty. The heated discussion of life history has raised scholars’ attention to the life course of ancient women’s individuals. Thanks to the convergence of multiple disciplines,medical treatment of women and studies of diseases in the Tang Dynasty have become a vibrant topic in the international scholarly community in the 21st century. Scholars both in China and overseas have jointly focused on epitaph data of the period with ambitious attempts to restore women’s birth and death experience. The use of epitaphs and ancient medicine sources is the key to these efforts. Both of them are limited within the gender framework of text writing. Following the basic rules of corresponding data,we need to carefully distinguish the biased views induced by the male perspective as “the alienating other”from the authentic situations within which women actually lived. In doing so,we have to collaborate theories with historical facts from ancient China. Researchers should neither “isolate”women’s history of the Tang Dynasty from general history nor abuse Western theories and ignore the characteristics of ancient China. Taking the epitaph for Cui Daogui written by the famous writer Liu Zongyuan as a example,this paper analyzes the etiology,pathogenesis,syndrome,and cause of death of the tomb owner through an interdisciplinary approach. By re-examining the social classification and the allocation of medical resources in Tang Dynasty,it iterates the significance to reconstruct a women/gender theory of our own yet without losing sight of the entirety of history.
出处
《史学理论研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期57-65,158,共10页
Historiography Bimonthly
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目“隋唐五代城市社会各阶层研究”(项目编号:18AZS006)的阶段性成果。
