摘要
随着原油性质不断劣质化以及炼厂加工原油品种的多元化,传统破乳剂已无法保持稳定的脱盐效果。超声波原油破乳通过机械振动作用和热作用对原油进行物理破乳,解决了传统破乳剂广谱性差的问题。某炼厂1号蒸馏装置和3号蒸馏装置加工原油来自同一原油罐,原油性质完全相同,分别使用超声波破乳和传统破乳剂。对两套蒸馏装置电脱盐运行数据的进行对比分析,3号蒸馏电脱盐操作条件优于1号蒸馏,但脱盐率平均低于1号蒸馏1.92个百分点,脱后含盐<2mg/L比率平均低于1号蒸馏32.97个百分点。1号蒸馏使用超声波破乳是物理过程,不会增加电脱盐排水COD值;而3号蒸馏使用破乳剂,向系统中加入了化学物质,排水COD值比注水平均升高135.38mg/L,污水处理成本随之增加。当原油性质变好时,使用超声波破乳和破乳剂均有较好的脱盐效果;若原油性质变差,超声波破乳能迅速适应变化并始终保持较高的脱盐率,而破乳剂的适应性较差,脱盐率降低。按超声波破乳设备预期使用寿命12年计,使用超声波破乳的累计成本为647万元,比使用破乳剂节约成本1393万元。
With the continuous deterioration of crude oil in quality and the diversification of crude oil varieties processed by refineries,traditional demulsifiers can no longer maintain a stable desalination effect.Ultrasonic crude oil demulsification physically demulsifies the crude oil through mechanical vibration action and thermal action,solving the poor broad spectrum problem of traditional demulsifiers.The No.1 distillation unit and No.3 distillation unit in a refinery process the same kind of crude oil from the same crude oil tank,using ultrasonic demulsification and traditional demulsifiers respectively.By comparing the electric desalting oper-ation data of the two units,it is found that the operating conditions of electric desalting of No.3 distillation unit are better than those of No.1 distillation unit,but the desalination rate of No.3 distillation unit is 1.92%lower than that of No.1 distillation unit on average and the ratio of crude oil with a salt content of lower than 2 mg/L after desalination in No.3 distillation is 32.97% lower than that of No.1 distillation unit on av-erage.The No.1 distillation unit uses ultrasonic demulsification,which is a physical process,so the COD of electric desalination drainage is not increased.The No.3 distillation unit adds chemicals to the system by us-ing emulsifiers,so the COD of effluent is 135.38 mg/L higher than that of injection water on average,and the wastewater treatment cost is increased accordingly.When the crude oil properties become better,both the ultrasonic demulsification and demulsifiers have good desalination effect.If the crude oil properties become worse,ultrasonic demulsification can quickly adapt to the changes and always maintain a high desalination rate,while the demulsifiers have poor adaptability and the desalination rate is reduced.Based on the expected ser-vice life of 12 years for ultrasonic demulsification equipment,the cumulative cost of ultrasonic demulsification is 6.47 million yuan,which is 13.93 million yuan lower than that of demulsifiers
作者
任永锋
米斯洋
刘建民
杨晓宇
Ren Yongfeng;Mi Siyang;Liu Jianmin;Yang Xiaoyu(PetroChina Dalian Petrochemical Company,Dalian Liaoning 110632)
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2022年第3期76-81,共6页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
超声波破乳
物理破乳
破乳剂
电脱盐
脱盐率
电脱盐排水
ultrasonic demulsification
physical demulsification
demulsifier
electric desalting
desalination rate
electric desalination drainage
