摘要
假冒已成为一个日益严重的全球性问题,因此防伪技术具有十分重要的社会安全意义。使用荧光防伪安全油墨是一种重要的防伪手段。有机染料、共轭聚合物点、半导体量子点和稀土掺杂发光纳米材料是用来制备荧光防伪安全油墨的常用材料,但它们都具有一定的局限性,如有机染料受其光稳定性差和斯托克斯位移小的限制、聚合物点制备工艺复杂且价格昂贵等。碳量子点(Carbon quantum dots,CQDs)作为一种新型的碳基荧光纳米材料,具有成本低、易制备、荧光稳定性良好和毒性低等优点,是防伪领域最具发展前景的发光纳米材料之一。近年来,CQDs在防伪应用中的研究相继涌出。目前,关于CQDs在防伪方面的主要应用方式是制作快干荧光油墨和具有特定图案或二维码的防伪标签。CQDs具有荧光、上转换发光和磷光等不同的发射模式。因此,为了更好地将CQDs用于防伪的安全标记,可以采用双模发射或三模发射等较难复制的手段,并结合光学耦合和编码等先进的加密手段。本文首先详细介绍了CQDs的分类、光学性质和荧光机制;其次,简要介绍了CQDs的合成和改性方法,常用的三种改性方法为表面功能化、掺杂及与其他材料复合;最后,重点归纳了CQDs在防伪中的应用,并对其未来在防伪领域的发展方向进行了展望。
Counterfeiting has become an increasingly serious global problem,so anti-counterfeiting technologies are of great significance for social securi-ty.The use of fluorescent anti-counterfeiting security ink is an important anti-counterfeiting method.Organic dyes,conjugated polymer dots,semiconductor quantum dots and rare earth doped luminescent nanomaterials are commonly used materials for preparing fluorescent anti-counterfeiting security inks,while these materials show undesirable properties.For example,organic dyes are limited by poor light stability and small Stokes shift;the preparation processes of polymer dots are complicated and expensive.As a new type of carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials,carbon quantum dots(CQDs)have drawn tremendous attention due to their outstanding properties including low cost,easy preparation,good photostability and low toxicity.Compared with these fluorescent anti-counterfeiting ink materials,CQDs have become one of the most promising luminescent nanomaterials in the field of anti-counterfeiting.In recent years,there have been some research on carbon quantum dots in anti-counterfeiting applications.The current anti-counterfeiting approaches for CQDs are mainly to make quick-drying fluorescent inks,anti-counterfeiting labels with specific patterns or quick response(QR)codes.CQDs have different emission modes such as fluorescence,up-conversion luminescence and phosphorescence.Therefore,to be better used for security marking in anti-counterfeiting applications,dual-mode or triple-mode emission of CQDs and other difficult-to-replicate methods are adopted,combined with advanced encryption methods such as optical coupling and encoding.In this review,the classification,optical properties and fluorescence mechanism of CQDs were firstly discussed in detail.Secondly,the synthesis and modification methods of CQDs were briefly introduced.The three common modification methods are surface functionalization,doping,and composite with other materials.Finally,their applications in anti-counterfeit
作者
张文博
石建丽
马建中
卫林峰
范倩倩
ZHANG Wenbo;SHI Jianli;MA Jianzhong;WEI Linfeng;FAN Qianqian(Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Zhejiang Wenzhou Research Institute of Light Industry,Wenzhou 325003,Zhejiang,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education,College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;School of Materials Science&Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an 710021,China)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期139-149,共11页
Materials Reports
基金
国家自然科学基金(21908141,52073164)
温州市基础性工业科技项目(G20190008)。
关键词
碳量子点
光学性质
荧光机制
防伪
carbon quantum dots
optical properties
fluorescence mechanism
anti-counterfeiting
