摘要
目的:通过设置骑行时不同鞍座高度,以了解鞍座高度变化对骑行时下肢肌肉活动、肌群间协调关系以及踏板输出力的影响。方法:10名受试者以随机顺序完成3种(自选高度座高,P;较低高度座高,L;较高高度座高,H)鞍座高度下的骑行,采用Delsys无线表面肌电测试系统、三维脚蹬测力台和三维红外动作捕捉系统,同步采集下肢肌肉肌电数据、踏板反作用力和下肢运动学;使用三维分析软件、Matlab软件计算分析连续10个踩踏周期的运动学、动力学和肌电指标。结果:鞍座高度对臀大肌、股内侧肌和股二头肌等肌肉活动强度产生了影响(P<0.05);采用最高鞍座骑行时臀大肌、半腱肌和股二头肌活动持续时间增加(P<0.05),股直肌/臀大肌具有最小的共激活(P<0.05);股二头肌/股内侧肌、腓肠肌内侧/股内侧肌共激活随座高的增加而增加(P<0.05),腓肠肌内侧/胫骨前肌共激活没有受到座高影响(P>0.05);踏板力随座高的增加而减小(P<0.05),有效力没有受到座高影响(P>0.05)。结论:恒定功率骑行时,较高的鞍座高度引起下肢部分肌肉活动强度增加,活动持续时间增加,但导致股内侧肌活动强度和跨过髋关节的拮抗肌共激活降低,同时踏板力降低。因此,不建议采用过高的鞍座高度骑行。
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different saddle heights on the pedal force and muscle coordination pattern of lower limbs during cycling. Methods: 10 healthy subjects, serving as self-control, performed a cycling task with the saddle set at three different heights(low saddle height, L;preferred saddle height, P;high saddle height, H).Data across the three different saddle heights were collected by using 3D Kinematics, pedal reaction force and electromyographic(EMG). The dependent variables were root mean square(RMS), EMG signal onset and offset times, and antagonist muscle coactivation. Results: Results from the MANOVA test showed an overall significant difference attributable to saddle height(P<0.05). The changed saddle height affected the RMS of gluteus maximus(GMax), vatsus medialis(VM), biceps femoris(BF) etc(P<0.05);compared with saddle height L, the duration of activity increased(P<0.05) for the EMG signal of GMax, ST and BF cycling with saddle height H;RF/GMax had the smallest coactivation cycling with saddle height H;the coactivation of BF/VM, GM/VM medialis increased with the increase of saddle height, and the coactivation of GM/TA coactivation was not affected by seat height(P>0.05);pedal force decreased with seat height increasing(P<0.05), and effective force was not affected by saddle height(P>0.05).Conclusions: The intensity and duration of some lower limbs muscle activity increased cycling with the high saddle heights at constant power, which lead to the decrease of VM activity and the coactivation of RF/Gmax, and which may be the reason of the decreased pedal force. Thus,it is not recommended to cycling with over high saddle height.
作者
王勇
梁雷超
汤运启
黄灵燕
伍勰
刘宇
WANG Yong;LIANG Leichao;TANG Yunqi;HUANG Lingyan;WU Xie;LIU Yu(Liaocheng University,Liaocheng 252000,China;Shanghai University of sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences,Shanghai 201318,China;Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an 710021,China)
出处
《中国体育科技》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期55-61,共7页
China Sport Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(11932013)
国家重点研发计划“科技冬奥”重点专项(2018YFF0300501)
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(21YJAZH092)。
关键词
骑行
鞍座高度
协调
共激活
cycling
saddle height
coordination
coactivation
