摘要
口服给药形式简单方便,是常规药物治疗的首选途径,然而对于禁食或其他原因不能口服的药物及服药依从性差的患者,直肠给药是一种安全的替代给药方式。直肠黏膜内血管丰富,给药可发挥局部或全身治疗作用,避免肝脏首过效应,防止胃酸及酶对药物的破坏作用,减少胃的刺激。但由于缺乏经证实的药代动力学研究和对给药器械依赖大,以及给药部位特殊可能引起患者不适等,其利用率相对较低。本综述归纳直肠给药特点及优势,探讨影响直肠给药吸收的因素以及介绍常见给药装置的类型、新型直肠给药剂型,并对其研究前景进行展望,为直肠给药制剂的开发提供理论依据和参考。
Oral administration is the preferred route of conventional drug therapy due to its simple and convenient form of administration.However,Rectal administration can be a safe alternative for those who cannot take oral drugs for fasting or other reasons and have poor medication compliance.Mucosal surfaces of rectal are rich in blood supply,providing rapid drug transportation to the local or systemic circulation therapy and avoiding degradation by first-pass hepatic metabolism,prevent gastric acid and enzyme to the destruction of drugs,reduce the stimulation of drugs to the stomach.However,its utilisation has been relatively low in recent years due to the lack of proven pharmacokinetic studies and the high dependence on drug delivery devices,as well as the potential for patient discomfort due to the specific site of administration.This article reviews the characteristics and advantages of rectal drug delivery,discusses the factors affecting the absorption of it,introduces the types of common drug delivery devices,novel rectal dosage form and prospects its research progress to provide theoretical basis and reference for the development of rectal drug delivery preparations.
作者
周春慧
韩晓璐
李蒙
王增明
李春梅
王向涛
郑爱萍
ZHOU Chunhui;HAN Xiaolu;LI Meng;WANG Zengming;LI Chunmei;WANG Xiangtao;ZHENG Aiping(School of Pharmacy,Harbin University of Commerce,Harbin 150076,China;Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology,Academy of Military Medical Sciences,Academy of Military Sciences,Beijing 100850,China)
出处
《药学研究》
CAS
2022年第2期107-112,共6页
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
基金
国家科技重大专项(No.2018ZX09721003-007)
黑龙江省博士后资助项目(No.LBH-Z16094)
哈尔滨商业大学博士科研启动项目资助(No.2019DS114)。
关键词
直肠给药
直肠吸收
给药装置
研究进展
Rectal administration
Rectal absorption
Drug delivery device
Research progress
