摘要
为明确青海省祁连牦牛的母系遗传多样性水平、群体遗传结构组成及母系遗传背景,本研究对33头祁连牦牛的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)D-loop区序列进行测定,结合Genbank中已报道的22条祁连牦牛D-loop区序列,用BioEdit7.2.5、Arlequin3.11和Mega5等生物信息学软件对共计55条序列进行综合分析,探究其母系遗传多样性、群体遗传结构及系统发育关系。结果表明:在祁连牦牛mtDNA D-loop区692bp序列比对分析中,排除2处插入/缺失后共发现33处多态位点,其中单一多态位点3处、简约信息位点30处;共确定了17种单倍型,其中单倍型H2由19个个体共享,为优势单倍型;计算得到祁连牦牛群体的单倍型多样度为0.850±0.037,核苷酸多样度为0.016±0.008。与野牦牛及大通、青海高原、天祝等其他家牦牛品种相比,祁连牦牛群体单倍型多样度和核苷酸多样度值均较低,表明该群体的母系遗传变异较低,具有较低的母系遗传多样性。系统发育分析表明祁连牦牛的17种单倍型分属于5种单倍型组(即A、B、C、D和E),可分为2个大的母系支系(即支系Ⅰ和支系Ⅱ),推测其有2个母系起源。
To clarify the level of maternal genetic diversity,population structure composition and genetic background of Qilian yak in Qinghai Province,the 692 bp mtDNA D-loop sequences of 33 Qilian yak were amplified and sequenced in this study.Combining with the 22 corresponding sequences reported in GenBank,the software including Bioedit7.2.5,Arlequin3.11 and Mega5were used to analyze the maternal genetic diversity,population genetic structure and phylogeny of Qilian yak.The results showed that a total of 33 polymorphic sites including three single polymorphic sites and 30 parsimony information sites were found in the analysis after excluding two In Del sites.A total of 17 haplotypes were identified,among which the dominant H2haplotype was shared by 19 individuals.The haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of Qilian yak population were 0.850±0.037 and 0.016±0.008 respectively.Compared with wild yak and other domestic yak breeds(Datong,Qinghai Gaoyuan,Tianzhuet al.),the values of haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of Qilian yak were lower,which showed that this population had lower maternal genetic diversity.Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 17 haplotypes of Qilianyak belong to five haplo groups(A,B,C,D and E),which could be divided into two matrilineal lineages(LineageⅠand LineageⅡ)with two matrilineal origins.
作者
杨振菲
马志杰
陈生梅
白诗睿
李广祯
李文浩
李剑
YANG Zhen-fei(Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Qinghai University, Xining 810016)
出处
《青海畜牧兽医杂志》
2022年第1期1-6,共6页
Chinese Qinghai Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(31960656)
中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划(“西部青年学者”)项目(3-1)。
