摘要
目的综合评价中国突发公共卫生事件社区抗逆力构建过程中的关键节点问题,为我国社区抗逆力的构建与完善提供参考依据。方法采用文献研究和小组讨论方法确定社区抗逆力构建中的问题清单,通过专家咨询法对问题的严重性和干预迫切性进行评价,并应用TOPSIS综合评价法对问题重要性进行排序。结果专家咨询的积极系数为95.0%,权威系数为0.774,专家对突发公共卫生事件社区抗逆力构建问题清单中16项问题严重性和干预迫切性评分的协调系数分别为0.387和0.428(均P<0.05);TOPSIS综合评价结果显示,目前我国突发公共卫生事件社区抗逆力构建过程中居于前5位的关键节点问题依次为"尚未形成多主体的突发公共卫生事件社区抗逆力体系"(0.514)、"现有各主体间缺乏一定的沟通和协同机制"(0.487)、"地方政府与其他各利益相关者之间保持传统的自上而下管理模式,缺乏基于社区的灾害治理理念"(0.467)、"突发公共卫生事件灾害管理以政府和专业卫生组织为主,社区居民参与程度较差"(0.454)、"地方政府对社区及卫生组织的应急资源投入不足"(0.437)。结论目前中国在突发公共卫生事件社区抗逆力体系构建、社区主体间协调机制、社区管理模式、社区居民参与和应急资源投入方面仍存在较大问题,应重点加以关注。
Objective To evaluate key node issues in the process of community resilience construction to deal with public health emergencies in China and to provide a reference for the construction and improvement of community resilience.Methods A list of problems in the construction of community resilience in response to public health emergencies was determined after literature studies and professional group discussions.The severity and the urgency of intervention for each of the problems were assessed through a consultation among 40 senior professionals engaged in emergency response or community management.Technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)method was adopted to rank the importance of the problems.Results For the expert consultation,the positive coefficient was 95.0%and the authority coefficient was 0.774;and the coordination coefficients were 0.387 and 0.428 for the experts’scores of evaluation on the severity and intervention urgency of the 16 items in the problem list of community resilience construction,indicating significant coordination of the experts'evaluation(both P<0.05).The results of the TOPSIS analysis revealed that the five key node issues in the construction of community resilience include:the absence of the multi-agent community resilience system,the lack of communication and coordination mechanism among participants of the resilience construction,the prevalence of traditional top-down management model for local governments and other stakeholders due to the lack of community-based disaster management concepts among administrative staff,poor engagement of community residents in public health emergency management with predominate role of governments and health institutions,and insufficient emergency response resources supported by local governments to communities and health institutions,with the weight indexes of 0.514,0.487,0.467,0.454,and 0.437,respectively.Conclusion Efficient coordination mechanism among community participants,appropriate community management model,th
作者
张鑫
周文婧
张久瑞
宁宁
吴群红
ZHANG Xin;ZHOU Wen-jing;ZHANG Jiu-rui(College of Health Management,Harbin Medical University,Harbin,Heilongjiang Province 150081,China;不详)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期149-152,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
国家自然科学基金(71874044,71473065)。
关键词
社区抗逆力
关键节点问题
综合评价
突发公共卫生事件
community resilience
key node issue
comprehensive evaluation
public health emergency
