摘要
利用中国气象局1969—2017年高寒内流区25个气象站的日降水资料,分析极端降水的变化特征,结果表明:1969—2017年高寒内流区降水量呈上升趋势,这种上升很大程度上可能是由于夏季降水量增加导致的,且20世纪90年代以后降水量增加趋势更加明显。极端降水指数除连续干旱日数外,均呈不同程度的增加趋势,其年际变化反映出在进入21世纪后高寒内流区降水向强降水量和日数更多、强度更强、极值更大的方向发展。极端降水指数空间差异性明显,连续湿润日数、雨日降水总量、雨日降水强度、单日最大降水量、五日最大降水量、极端降水量和日降水大于10mm日数表现显著增加趋势的台站百分率分别为5%、64%、42%、60%、32%、35%和43%,连续干旱日数表现显著下降趋势的台站百分率为5%。极端降水事件具有一致性,总降水量增加,极端降水的频率、强度、极值也增加,小雨日数增加是降水总量增加的因素之一。极端降水增湿幅度有随海拔升高有增大趋势,高海拔区雨日降水量和雨日天数的增加是极端降水总量增加的主要因素。
Based on the daily precipitation of 25 meteorological stations from 1961 to 2017,the temporal and spatial variations in extreme precipitation events in the endorheic area in alpine region were analyzed.The results showed that the precipitation in study area delineates a significant increasing tendency,such an increase may largely stem from the contribution of the increase in summer precipitation,and the increasing trend of precipitation was more obvious after 1990 s.Except CDD,the extreme precipitation index showed an increasing trend with different degrees,and the precipitation in the endorheic area in alpine region developed to the direction of heavier precipitation,more days,stronger intensity and greater extreme value after entering the 21 st century.The percentage of stations with CWD,PRCPTOT,SDII,RX1Day,RX5Day,R95 and R10 showing a significant increasing trend was 5%,64%,42%,60%,32%,35%and 43%,and the percentage of stations with CDD showing a significant decreasing trend was 5%.Extreme precipitation events were consistent.As total precipitation increased,the frequency,intensity and extreme value of extreme precipitation also increased,and the increase of light rain days was one of the factors contributing to the increase of total precipitation.The humidification amplitude of the extreme precipitation index increases with the increase of altitude.The increase of precipitation and number of rainy days in high altitude area was the main factor for the increase of total amount of extreme precipitation.
作者
高文德
王昱
李宗省
王文胜
杨盛梅
GAO Wende;WANG Yu;LI Zongxing;WANG Wensheng;YANG Shengmei(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Qamdo Hydrology and Water Resources Branch,Tibet Autonomous Region Hydrology and Water Resources Survey,Qamdo 854000,Tibet,China)
出处
《冰川冻土》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期1693-1703,共11页
Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology
基金
中国科学院“西部之光”交叉团队项目-重点实验室合作研究专项
国家自然科学基金项目(42077187)
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0405)
国家“万人计划”青年拔尖人才项目资助。
关键词
极端降水指数
高寒内流区
海拔
气候变化
extreme precipitation index
the endorheic area in alpine region
altitude
climate change
